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Smart Charge · 19 May 2025 · 1 hr 38 min

Ep. 13: Letzte‑Meile‑Revolution: DPD‑Nachhaltigkeitschef Gerd Seber über E‑Flotten, Ladeparks & Net‑Zero‑Logistik

Transcript

Cleaned up from a machine transcript. Translations are machine-generated and may contain errors.

Welcome to the Smart Charge by RiDERgy Podcast. This is Claudio Geyken, Founder and CEO of RiDERgy. This is your show to learn about all things energy management and smart charging innovation for electric vehicles and fleets.

Hello and welcome to the next episode of the Smart Charge Podcast, where we dive deep into the world of last-mile logistics at DPD with Gerd Seeber, Head of Sustainability – and also innovation in the past – and a very innovative person who has been in the industry for a long time, for decades, and has already examined this last mile from various angles. He is also responsible for e-mobility and really knows the challenges and the solutions that the status quo encompasses down to the last detail.

That means it is particularly exciting what you will learn here: what is possible, what is not yet possible, what DPD has planned, and what is driving the industry. Join me, and let's get started. Great to have you here, Gerd. How are you doing today? Yeah, I'm doing well. I arrived safely and was reasonably on time, and I'm pleased to be here. So where exactly are you from? You live a bit further away from Berlin. Right, that was actually from the Rhineland, near Düsseldorf.

And I went through all the madness on the motorway, including traffic – but only just before Berlin. So in terms of traffic, Berlin actually has room for improvement. But I think we all know that if we're here more often. And I heard you're not just coming to Berlin to record the podcast, but also – maybe you can tell us a bit about that? No, I'm also active in our industry association, in the BdEx. And there's an event today that I'll attend afterwards. And otherwise I'm

also on the Transport Committee, where we meet together in a round of member companies to discuss the current topics that are occupying us – preferably on the last mile. But that's where most things happen and where most expectations are placed on us. Yeah, maybe we'll come back to that. But before we get into it, could you bring the listeners up to speed: what's your background? Feel free to start wherever you like, so people understand who they're really dealing with here.

Yeah, my name is known: Gerd Seeber. I've been working in the parcel delivery and courier sector for twenty-nine years now, at two different companies – after a brief position at DHL – and then at DPD for the past good twenty years. And I was able to start there in the operational area and have been helping to build and shape the sustainability division from the start, of course as part of the group to which DPD Germany belongs. But the implementation of things for Germany itself is of course with us, and naturally has to be adapted to local conditions, legislation, and developments in our own country. And that's been my task over the last few years. Otherwise, I'm just over fifty years old, I have two daughters, but they're already adults. And yes, I've also been dealing privately with electric driving for a while – I drive one myself. So in that sense, I can also report from my own experience, firsthand, how it all works out. It's just fun. And how did you get into logistics? What

drew you to it? I actually ended up in the job while studying because I simply wanted and needed a job on the side, just to make money. And I actually started out delivering packages back then. So I really know the business as a driver on the ground on the last mile, as a courier, and then I moved into the operational area and got to manage the late shift for a while. And after my move to DPD Germany, I was actually working at the company headquarters in Aschaffenburg,

first in the Operations area, and then I took on the then freshly created sustainability division – as a one-man show. Well, so the topic of sustainability – how did you get into that? It was really a difficult decision back then because I had a small team of six or seven people, and I actually had to give that up for this. But I actually got into the sustainability topic before that, because the topics naturally have a very strong operational connection in our industry. We're not a tech company or a bank or anything like that, we actually physically move packages. That means the topics that came up in the sustainability area more or less affected the operational area too. And then it landed with me. And when it was said that the topic isn't going away, the topic is staying, the topic is becoming even more important, a position was created to deal only with that. And then I had to decide, reluctantly let my team go – but then had the opportunity to work with all the specialist departments. Because even though many sustainability topics affect our operations area, it naturally affects the other areas too. And in the form of a classic matrix organization, I didn't have a defined team, but at least I was in contact with very many people in the company. And you drive electric – privately? No, not privately yet. But I have an electric company car. And here's how that came about: I actually wanted that much earlier. I made the push a few years ago

first in the Operations area, and then I took on the then newly created sustainability department – as a one-man show. Now, the topic of sustainability – how did you get into that? It was really a tough decision back then because I had a small team of six or seven people, and I actually had to give that up for this. But I actually got into the sustainability topic beforehand, because the topics naturally have a very strong operational connection in our industry. We're not a tech company or any kind of bank, we actually physically move packages. That means the topics that came up in the sustainability area more or less also affected the operational area. And then it landed with me. And when it was said that the topic isn't going away, the topic is staying, the topic is becoming even more important, a position was created to deal only with that. And then I had to decide to reluctantly let my team go – but then had the opportunity to work with all the specialist departments. Because even though many sustainability topics in our area touch on Operations, it naturally affects the other areas as well. And in the form of a classic matrix organization, I didn't have a defined team, but at least I worked with very many people in the company. And you drive electric – privately? No, not privately yet. But I have an electric company car. And this is how it came about: I actually wanted that much earlier. I made the push a few years ago

for it, but it didn't work out back then for various reasons – licensing, infrastructure, and many other aspects were simply not yet in place. But now, in the meantime, the time has come. And so I've been driving an electric vehicle for about a year now, and I'm very satisfied with it. I only have a company car, but that's also part of the fleet. So I'm also getting a feel for the infrastructure situation and what it's like when you actually have to charge an electric vehicle as an employee or as a company. That's been very helpful to me personally.

And it has naturally also influenced my view of things at DPD. Because I think it's important that people at management level also understand the practical challenges. And then you can work more purposefully on solutions. Yes, I think that's a good point. Let's now talk a bit about the big picture at DPD. What is DPD's sustainability strategy? What does it look like? What are the main goals? How has it developed over the years? Yes, that's actually a good question.

When there were the first few electric vehicles, I already had a French model in mind back then, but I wasn't allowed to yet, because for us the topic was really very new at that time. And I would have been absolutely an exception – right up to approval at the board level. And what year was that? Oh, I can't remember anymore, but it's easily – I've been looking after sustainability since 2006, really. Let's say it was 2007, 2008. And then I had to

wait for a while longer, and I told myself: at some point I want to drive an electric car too. And I was actually able to make that happen a year and a half ago as a pure electric vehicle. And maybe you can share a few insights about how the experiences are. So far very positive. So the really positive thing – and this is what I actually want to pass on in the area of electric vehicles, whether commercial or private: you never have to go to a gas station again. Charging works

– I can only speak about Germany, because I mostly move around in Germany; I've also used it abroad, but – charging actually happens on the side. I also don't have the possibility to charge at home, no wallbox or anything like that. There are two charging stations a bit up the street and 21 of them down the street, so I get to choose. And I actually charge whenever it fits into my daily routine. Whether I go to the cinema, the car can stand outside and charge,

or whether I drive into the city – I live near Düsseldorf. In Düsseldorf there are a few public charging stations that are free more often than other parking spaces. So at the moment you really still have an advantage. And I'm actually, when I drive a petrol car again sometime, somewhere among friends and need to fill up, I really have to think about it. I'm so out of the loop on that topic because it's just not an issue with an electric car. And it's just fun. It feels like

the future. I hope it stays and is the future, and I'm enjoying it. You can't charge at home, but at your employer, at DPD, you can. We have around about 80 branches at DPD in Germany, and we've already equipped a good quarter of them with their own charging infrastructure. Some of it can be used jointly. Of course, we're doing this primarily for our delivery fleet, which we will electrify and want to, and we've already made some progress there. And

of course I can also charge there. So when I'm at the head office in Aschaffenburg, I can do that too. We're slowly running out of charging spots there – the fleet is growing, certainly still with a few hybrid vehicles at the moment, but the purely electric fleet is already slowly making the charging points at the head office tight. Let me ask again: you do have a background in logistics, you've done it for a really long time. As you mentioned, you came over from this student job. What drove you to stay there so long, or what fascinates you about sustainability in logistics?

Well, the transport industry is one of the oldest trades. That means, as long as beaming hasn't been invented, we'll always have to transport things. And I just found it exciting. It was also really clear over the years that new developments kept coming. When I got into the industry – that was 1996 – there was already the Internet, but back at work we still had PCs with that pixelated Unix graphics and interface. And then bit by bit more technology kept coming – partly really out on the road, so handheld devices. Those existed too, of course, but they kept evolving. Tour planning and so on, all those topics that only came up after you moved away from manual roll lists and so on. And there were always developments every 3-4 years where I thought: man, that's exciting, I want that. I want

to be part of that, I want to support that. And I just stayed in the industry because the requirements really kept renewing themselves over the years, kept changing, and there's always something new to learn. And sustainability – what's the motivation, the fascination there? I just think it's important. But I also saw at the beginning: well, it's not really a new department that you set up, but it's actually a way of

thinking differently about the processes, about the things I already have in the company, and maybe shaping them a bit differently. And I also resist a bit the idea that sustainability is always so quickly associated with some kind of sacrifice, rather it's usually about making things more conscious. "With everything you do, think of the end" – a quote I heard somewhere. That's sustainability, and it actually sums it up quite well. Just think about

how I'm doing things? Can I do them differently? Can I design them more sustainably? Can I just do them better than before? And it's not about sacrifice at all, it's actually about rethinking to some extent. And it's similar with driving an electric car too: it's still a car, it works differently – you don't have to fill up, you have to charge instead – but the basic function is the same. And I don't feel like I'm missing out on anything because of it. And that's actually what also appeals to me about the topic

so much. And it doesn't have to be a sacrifice either. You can make many things better and also more sustainably. And that's the thing – we're just on a different path, thinking about things differently, and it doesn't mean you have to give up anything. Rather, it means you gain something – you gain experience, new perspectives, and that's what drives me to focus on sustainability in the logistics sector.

Sustainability fascinates me, and to some extent also the fact that a lot of topics land on my desk that perhaps don't even initially concern sustainability or are sustainable at all, but are simply normal innovations, where I then have the opportunity and also the luck to be able to classify that a bit and say: Okay, is that something for our industry? Does that affect us? What do we want to do with it? And I then advise management in one direction or another, or

also not. Your title is also Sustainability and Innovation. That was it for a while. My title has changed a bit over time. Back then it was indeed Sustainability and Innovation together. I think when you look at many large companies, how the Sustainability department is positioned is very different. Sometimes it's more in the Marketing area. It certainly also depends on the company's business purpose. Sometimes it's in Operations, sometimes it's some kind of communication topic, and very often it's actually also linked with

the Innovation area, which fits quite well. Because if I do things differently than before, then I sometimes have to reinvent things or at least rewrite processes, maybe also develop new products or develop additional products. And then I'm somewhere in the Innovation area, and that's not that far apart. That's why it always fits together quite well. I also get a lot of things that perhaps don't directly concern sustainability, but that I'm still allowed to deal with. And that's what makes it

so exciting. Perhaps before we dive deeper, you could say more about DPD – what the key facts of the company are. I think everyone knows them, these vans driving around, and everyone knows DPD at least from the logo. Everyone probably also still says "German Parcel Service", even though that hasn't been the official company name for a long time. We belong to French La Poste and are part of the parcel division of French La Poste. The parent company above that is Geopost, and DPD stands, so to speak,

for the brand of the parcel business in several countries in Europe. In other countries we're sometimes called something else. Chronopost, for example, still exists in France, which is also part of the company. DPD classically came from the B2B sector. So we were actually part of value creation and process chains from the beginning – we supply bolts, auto parts, whatever is needed somewhere in production. Only quite recently has the B2C sector been added, of course with significant growth of the entire e-commerce and online market. We then said: Yes, the boundaries are now blurring between large customers who had a retail business and a home business.

And since then DPD has been active in both fields. Certainly known from the street scene – we are also strongly street-bound across Europe. We have very little air cargo and air transport, but most of it is really truck connections from hub to hub, also across borders. And in Germany we are one of the major parcel services on the market, with

around 80 branches, as I already said, and about 9,500 delivery vehicles that are currently on the road every day. This also results a bit from the sheer size of the country, because we simply have to serve every corner – and we do – and deliver and pick up packages there. Okay, so if I understood correctly: DPD is only responsible for parcels within the entire Geopost group, but there are also many other subsidiaries that offer additional services like letters. French La Poste is a classic integrator. That means it ranges

from mail to postal bank – that is, in France – to the parcel business and also express business. We also sometimes deliver food. That's always different depending on the country. The DPD landscape or the Geopost landscape is not so homogeneous there. The business is certainly a bit different in the individual business units – a business unit is typically one country – because different priorities are set. That also depends a bit on where the company comes from in the respective country. What I found interesting, even when I really dug deep

into the logistics topic – as an energy engineer that wasn't my field initially –, is that there are these few players. And each one, I believe, can be assigned to a country. Correct me if I'm wrong: DHL typically in Germany, that is Deutsche Post DHL, then DPD – now France, if you will, Geopost, but DPD, as you already said. The name comes from Germany and was then expanded, and in the course of this takeover the DPD brand is active in various countries throughout

Europe. And GLS, I think – Dutch, or was that UK? GLS is UK, but purely German. There was a consolidation at some point. I didn't follow that so closely back then – I was still actually delivering parcels, or rather in the operational area. But I actually experienced the takeover of DHL by Deutsche Post back then. I was still in the company, so I started at the old DHL, and in this same timeframe, around the beginning of

In the 2000s, there was a consolidation of letter and parcel business in Europe. That is, the major postal companies of the large European countries started keeping an eye open for parcel services and then partially or completely took them over and integrated them into their companies. And so the big five or six emerged, so UPS, which of course is active in Europe from the USA. But back then there was such a conglomerate around the Dutch Post, around the British Post, around the French

Post and the German Post. And the parcel services are the better-known ones of those, because they are the ones you see more in the streetscape. And of course in each country the postal company itself. Exactly, there are many countries that have their own postal company – Poste Italiane and Correos etc. – that are still only active in their respective country. We had Achim Kamka, founder of Streetscooter, as a guest in episode 11 of the podcast not long ago. And he already explained a bit how it came

to the vans and electric vehicles of DHL. Maybe you can explain to us how it was at DPD. How did the first electric vehicles come to DPD? Well, we experimented – already as part of these showcase projects that existed in Germany, the electromobility showcase projects. We already had a Mercedes Vito back then, the first electrified Mercedes Vitos, in use, just to see: okay, what does that mean? So what is there to consider? Can it do the job? How does the driver see it? How

does the delivery person see it? Does it fit into our processes? And that was of course a classic pilot project. It was also limited in time. After that we had learned a few things. But it was also really perhaps not the most suitable vehicle for the German market. The Vitos are also very small. Exactly, because that also – I already said it – is somewhat different business in the individual countries. There are certainly countries that focus more on smaller vehicles. In the Geopost group, in Germany

the bread-and-butter vehicle is basically the classic Sprinter or the Sprinter class. And the Vitos were too small for that. And at the time, I think the very first batteries also had a range – realistic and reliable – of about 60 kilometers. Even that becomes tight in some cities. But that was for learning purposes. And we are a classic service provider. That means, to some extent we naturally develop products for our customers, but we are also to some extent driven by our customers. And the demand

and the wish for emissions-free or at least locally emissions-free delivery became noticeably louder in recent years, and questions about it became more and more part of calls for proposals and customer tenders. And many of those landed directly with me. I could then also directly establish the need and the connection. So we said: alright, we naturally have to go in this direction too. And that is the future, especially since at some point there were really usable models on

the market. So at the latest with the first electric vehicle in the Sprinter class, the whole thing became much more interesting. And then there was this perhaps well-known project Zukunft.de, where several parcel services in Germany tried to put a significant number of these vehicles on the road. We were involved too. And then I actually got to learn firsthand what all needs to be done around electric vehicles to integrate them into the company. And yes, what that entails. That

was also an exciting time. We had a low double-digit number of electric vehicles on the road for a limited period, and we also built our own charging infrastructure in the first depot back then in Hamburg – still offline, so without backend, without anything. Main thing was that electricity was flowing. And yes, that's how it developed further. And by now as a company we have very clear targets in this area. So we want to have achieved Net Zero by 2040. We want to have electrified the majority of our last-mile fleet by 2030.

Electrified, because I see that realistically as the future technology for the last mile. In long-distance transport there might be a mix. Maybe it will be the fuel cell. Maybe it will be other drive types as well. Maybe there will be e-fuels. But on the last mile, due to the quite calculable distances, I actually see electric mobility as the future. And we have to lead the way there. And we have to keep moving forward. Can you put that in chronological terms? So these showcase projects, Zukunft.de – the showcase projects were

around 2010, 2011, I think, if I remember correctly. Zukunft.de ran until 2019 or so in that timeframe, so end of the 2010s. And yes, after that we actually – at Zukunft.de there were pre-series vehicles back then. They were really intended as pre-series. They went back to the manufacturer, were also analyzed. But relatively soon after, serial production started. That means the transition from pre-series vehicles to series vehicles was also fluid for us. We then directly got the first – 15 were

I believe in the first batch. And then a few more thirty afterwards. Electric vehicles then ordered directly from series production. Yes, there was – that was also Achim Kamka's learning – that the OEMs had a hard time selling the E-Sprinter in series as well. You probably faced a challenge in that respect too. We had some projects back then together with OEMs where the idea was to say, an electric vehicle offers a few other possibilities. Not in the first

series, because many OEMs basically rebuilt a diesel vehicle into electric. So many opportunities, like how I can now distribute a battery or how I design the drivetrain, weren't yet used in the first series because in most cases a new e-platform first had to be developed. But still, we had projects back then to ask: well, what does the classic delivery vehicle need, or what does the best delivery vehicle of the future need? So, does it need an automatic door? Does the package somehow

does the package have to be pushed automatically into the driver's hand? So that consideration went pretty far at times. And back then we already tried to also nail down the specifications for such an electric vehicle for the delivery industry and say: well, a range of up to would already be necessary. The features around it – does it need to be able to charge quickly, is slow charging enough? And that's certainly very different across companies in the KEP market because the business models are different too. And the

Mr Kamka and the Streetscooter were actually faster than the OEMs at the beginning. The OEMs of course have quite different power to catch up eventually. We tested a Streetscooter with us once, but found that the Streetscooter – and that's just what happens when you're closely tied to one company – was already very much tailored to the processes of Deutsche Post AG. So from the operational workflows it didn't quite fit for us. Can you give an example, like for instance the door –

the tailgate that opens upwards, at least in the version we tested. It opens upwards – I was told, I'm just repeating what I learned back then when I asked – because loading the vehicle sometimes happens somewhere in the yard. And when it rains, the delivery person, so the parcel and letter delivery person, shouldn't get wet. That's why they wanted the flap to open upwards. But for us that meant that between the ramp that we have in the

most depots – which are precisely sized to match the entry height of such a Sprinter – and the flap is then just this 50-centimetre shaft. So these simple things. Of course, over the past decades since DPD was founded, we have tailored our processes, our depots and our buildings to what we have been working with all these years. And as I've already said, it's the Sprinter class, here and there a seven-and-a-half-tonne vehicle. And so the depots are also designed accordingly.

The depot is designed that way. That is, the vehicle fits exactly with the rear door, so with the rear – when the rear is open – to the gate and can then be loaded at floor level. And the Streetscooter doesn't fit that, which is not a criticism. It's simply a vehicle that was developed for different processes than ours. And so what are the challenges now when you switch to electric mobility? You might think – naively – that it's really just a different type of drive. You simply order a new vehicle, and voilà, it

continues. But we both know it. But perhaps once more, when we delve into the depths of complexity: what makes your daily life so complicated, so to speak? In the end, it's actually the same. So it's a – I've just described it with the passenger car, which can certainly be transferred to some extent to the van as well. It's then still a van with a defined cargo space, a defined payload, just electric. In detail, it's then a bit

more complicated. So naturally in an electric vehicle there's always this triangle between payload, cargo space size and range, in which all the considerations actually take place. And the range is certainly limited by the operating area. We all drive – so companies in Germany in the parcel delivery market naturally drive first and foremost all in Germany, and the country is as big as it is. That means, as a rule, route lengths average out to around 100 kilometres across Germany as a whole. The first electric vehicles – that was already their

limit. So especially in winter, with somewhat worse battery performance, worse motor performance, worse charging performance, it was sometimes tight with the 100 kilometres. That means we said: okay, for this reason, but also for other reasons, we're starting in the cities first. There the ranges or the driving performance – the route lengths – are shorter. And that already works with the first vehicles, even in winter – of course always with a bit of buffer, because our business isn't really that predictable over the course of a day. Things regularly happen that throw you off, or that throw the delivery driver off. Can you give an example, because you're smiling about it? Well, for instance, a pickup isn't finished yet. I do other deliveries and pickups and have to go back there. Or a customer calls in at the last minute with a pickup, where I then have to go back. And these are the kinds of things: if I plan the route length too tight, then it becomes difficult on days like that. And a

niet beispielsweise – ich sage jetzt einfach mal – eine kaputte Ampel an einem wichtigen Knotenpunkt, wo wir sonst immer durch fahren, und plötzlich muss ich eine Umleitung fahren, die zwei, drei Kilometer länger ist. Und genau da wird es eben eng mit den ersten Fahrzeugen geworden. Das heißt, wir haben gesagt: okay, wir brauchen eine höhere Reichweite, um diesen ganzen alltäglichen Zufälligkeiten gerecht zu werden, die es im Geschäftsalltag einfach gibt. Und das war dann eben auch ein Grund, zu sagen: okay, wir müssen hier in Fahrzeuge investieren, die eine höhere Reichweite haben.

Of course, we will always keep a small buffer. The next question was then: The first vehicles that arrived were always the smallest ones. So those were like the 11-cubic-meter vehicles from the Sprinter range, 10, and they don't fit on many of our routes because we – as I've already said – operate in the B2B and B2C sectors, and sometimes we have long, bulky, large, voluminous packages, so cargo space is actually a topic. And cargo space is full when it's full. And then I

can't take any more packages. And all of this against the backdrop of electric vehicles. Of course, I have to look very carefully: What's available on the market? Which routes is it suitable for? And on top of that, DPD in Germany works with a system partner model. That means DPD doesn't procure the vehicles either; the vehicles belong to our system partners who work for us. And at the latest there, I'm in the area where I work a lot through communication, information, education, possibilities, offers and so forth. And that's actually

what makes the job varied, but sometimes also a bit challenging. To what extent do you also have influence on how the system partners switch to e-mobility? Well, of course we can set the requirement that we want to operate purely electrically in certain areas by a certain time. And as I've already said, we start – we work our way a bit from large to small. So we start in the major cities, also for the reason that I – and that's also part of my work – often sit in conversations, discussion rounds, roundtables

with city officials to talk about the topic of future inner-city logistics. And the wish that always comes up there is of course first and foremost emission-free operations, because especially in inner cities air quality is an issue, and it doesn't necessarily get better from having more diesel vehicles driving around. So of course the ambition there was to say: These are the first areas where we should, want to, but also can operate, given the available vehicles. And that's also reflected a bit in the penetration of our fleet

currently. That really starts in the cities. And until we can drive somewhere across Mecklenburg with a battery range – I think there's still a bit more work to be done in the battery technology area. But that doesn't mean you can't already be active until then. And so the topic actually developed step by step, so that we really talk a lot with our system partners – sometimes actually colleagues from head office, from the central sustainability area. Of course we communicate this through

our depot managers on site as well. We're currently also rethinking our car policy for company vehicles so that we might set a good example ourselves and make it personally tangible for depot managers, because I believe: Only if you actually drive electrically yourself and drive electrically for a longer period and see that it works – that sounds simple now, but then you can also pass it on well, for example to the system partners. And that's unfortunately still a big

discussion and persuasion process. Yes. You can also always charge at the depot or at the company location. Are you not so dependent on public charging, or how does that work? That's very different. So as a capital-intensive company, we have high land requirements. That means many of our depots are not necessarily right in the city, but actually in the classic industrial areas, commercial areas at the edge or somewhat outside the cities. And that of course also depends a bit on how a system partner handles his drivers and vehicles. Partially

it's the case that the depots are difficult to reach by public transport or are not easily accessible at the times we work, so the drivers or delivery personnel are to some extent dependent on using the vehicle to commute to work. That means they're allowed to take the vehicle with them in some cases, also because, for example, the system partner might not have a sufficiently large company yard. And on the other hand, our depots were not prepared to park 200–300 vehicles there overnight. We simply don't have the

parking spaces. That means we will – and we're already doing this, and we'll have to continue doing it in the future – we'll always have to use a mix of internal and external, that is private and public charging. And I think a very small part might also happen with the system partner, because we have system partners who are large enough that they've partially had charging stations co-financed through subsidies and installed them themselves. But that's not the majority; the majority will actually be in the public charging area in the future.

Until we've upgraded our depots accordingly or perhaps also built one or two new ones where we think about this topic from the start. But since DPD has developed over the last 40-plus years to where we are now, and e-mobility has only really been a current and urgent topic for the last, well, 6, 7 years, most depots are not designed for it in terms of space and sometimes also in terms of energy connection. That means we'll have a small part

our fleet with internal charging or with private charging. But I'm also looking for partnerships and orderly access to public charging in public street space. When you say "orderly," what do you mean by that? That the vans aren't like cars – exactly. So on one hand it's purely about the size. Many of the public charging points are actually sized for cars and not for a Sprinter van, which is somehow immensely long. There are also many charging points in parking garages and underground car parks. Those are eliminated for

us unfortunately due to the height of the Sprinter van. That means I'm talking about really parking on the roadside or in parking lots somewhere in public space. That's one thing. The other thing I mean by "orderly" is: We of course need to be able to charge when we can charge. It doesn't help us now to be standing at an AC charger somehow during the day. That doesn't get us any further, but rather those are options that should maybe be available overnight, so that I can park the fleet, if I

can't park it on the DPD site, due to space or the operational processes around it, at a place where ideally they're also fully charged in the morning. And that's difficult with a heterogeneous system partner landscape, to plan across all of Germany. That means I'm really looking at each individual depot situation. Where is the depot? What is the desired or expected charging behavior of the system partners there based on their own situation, how they

handle the drivers, how they handle the vehicles. Do I have enough power, do I have enough space? And if not, where are there charging options outside? And are the depots yours or those of the system partners or both? The depots are ours. So we operate the depots. We operate the transhipment processes. But the last mile is covered through system partners and long-distance transport through partnerships or contracts with logistics companies. System partners – if I understood you correctly earlier, they also have their own depots. Partially. So there are

large system partners. They really have a significant number of vehicles. Some have their own workshop, their own depot and some other side business. But there are also small ones that are actually dependent on the vehicle being parked somewhere at the delivery agent overnight in front of their house in the parking lot. Okay, interesting. That of course makes planning charging options and charging behavior very difficult, because I really have to look at each individual case, talk to the people and say: Okay, how do we find the best solution here? So from

these 80 branches. And is it similar internationally as it is in Germany? Or are there differences? The business is a bit different. So we have – there are countries in the Geopost group where different business models are operated on the last mile. It's more in a direction where drivers aren't employed but are directly linked to the company, for example in the UK. But in most countries the situation is actually comparable. And you mentioned that the depots don't have charging capacity for all vehicles. That is

a problem. The network connection capacities weren't designed for that. Can you give me a few numbers there? Yes, I can. We now have – I already said – approximately a quarter, so roundabout 20 of our branches equipped with charging infrastructure. We have some DC chargers with up to 400 kW, so the classic Alpitronic ones you know from the road. And when you put that in relation to the fact that a depot sometimes consumes maybe 600-700 kW for sorting plant, lighting, IT equipment and so on – now I have two

fast chargers with 2 x 400 kW standing outside. Then I simply double the energy requirement of the depot. Now I could of course try to charge at times when the rest isn't running, so when the transformer capacity is there but just isn't needed elsewhere. But that's exactly what's difficult. Because when the vehicles are at the depot, especially when I'm thinking in the direction of fast charging, the sorting plant is also running. And then especially in the winter months the lights are on. And the first PCs are already

running. That means I always have to look: How much transformer connection capacity do I have at the depot? What of that can I do without at which times of day for electric charging infrastructure for vehicles? We also have load management in these depots, where it gets tight, to give the sorting plant priority if necessary and the charging infrastructure at other times. But when the transformer is at its power limit, then nothing more is possible. Are you always with transformers at medium voltage? Or are you

also at low voltage at many depots? Predominantly? Yes. So predominantly we actually have our own transformers. I had the pleasure of dealing with the topic from the background of Section 14a of the EnWG, because of course we wanted to know: What does that mean for us if the grid operator throttles something back? Fortunately in most cases we actually have our own transformer, but some have also had to be enlarged, replaced, renewed, expanded in the course of expanding e-mobility, because sometimes it really is the case with the required capacity for sorting plant, lighting

and so on. And if I then want to electrify a fleet as well, I simply have to expand. And of course that means first investments and unfortunately also a very large time commitment, because with a transformer like that – I just have to wait a year. Yes, high voltage wouldn't have to be involved yet. But with electric trucks it will probably soon be a topic too, right? I don't know if you've already dealt with the fact that if you have charging infrastructure for trucks, you'd also need high voltage. Well, to some extent it is

with trucks, that is with large trucks, like we don't operate them ourselves in long-haul transport, but where freight forwarders transport our swap bodies in long-haul transport for us – I personally can estimate the charging behaviour much less, because I simply haven't dealt with it in such detail yet. We certainly have to look at the depot and also the freight forwarder. What else is connected besides the DPD transport? So sometimes there are round trips, there are return trips. There

are – the swap bodies then have to be at another location at a certain time. And these are all issues that not only affect the pure transport of the swap body from A to B for DPD, but of course affect the freight forwarder's workflows and where then time and space and the right location for a charging break comes into play. You probably have to learn that from the first few examples and then try to derive patterns from it and transfer that to other depots. But that's another

separate area. My main focus at the moment is first on the last mile, because we're also being pushed from multiple sides to move forward quickly. Are you looking at the ElectroTrucker? I'm certainly looking at the ElectroTrucker too. I find it very exciting. I always find it exciting when I see him at a charging station when I'm out and about. Have you already? I've already seen a few vehicles that I recognize from his videos. I find it very exciting from that perspective, because – unfortunately

you can't quite transfer the business or the transports he does to our swap bodies. It's rather – yes, if I can't unload today, then I have to wait until tomorrow. The rhythm in a parcel delivery company is of course quite different. With us there really are arrival time windows for the swap bodies. With us there are schedules between depot A and depot B. And we generally design our long-haul transport network in such a way that the mandatory driving and rest breaks also take place

somewhere in parallel with transshipment processes, so that the swap bodies can ideally keep rolling continuously. That's not always possible – of course it depends on distances and routes. But adding a charging break to that is certainly more difficult than in the freight forwarder mixed goods business that the ElectroTrucker operates – from road construction machinery to flower soil. We certainly have to see how a charging break and especially what charging power actually fits into the processes surrounding the transport of our swap bodies, where of course transshipment processes

take place at the beginning and end. I think that's another challenge. But I learn a lot from the ElectroTrucker videos, at least about the maturity level of the vehicles, which of course is also a topic when we talk to freight forwarders to say: Have you already dealt with this? If so, could you imagine – and where do we best integrate that in our network? Yes, because what I can imagine would already be relevant for you now, even if the last mile is more your focus right now, is that you already factor in the needs for connection capacity also taking into account the future needs of electric trucks, if you can mix that. Although – there too, and I think that's a general problem or topic around public charging infrastructure currently in Germany – I have the feeling that often the charging park was built where there was power and where there was cheap land, maybe not necessarily where there was demand. So I find, from my own experience, it works very well in

Germany along the motorway. So I never really worry about not being able to get to the next charging station somewhere – and even if it's with 3% battery, but that works out. The further away I get from the motorways, the more inconsistent the supply of charging infrastructure is – without differentiating now in detail between AC or DC. And sometimes the charging parks are also quite inconveniently located. And of course that's something that's difficult with operational processes that have to take place in certain areas. So I can't take a long detour just because the charging park is there. That means we're more dependent on that. And those are exactly the partnerships I'm looking for right now, that we might be able to motivate one or the other EMP or also CPO or both in one to build the charging park where we would need it. The good thing is, you can combine that very well. So we often sit together in industrial areas with other companies that

Germany very well along the motorway. So I never really worry that I won't be able to get to the next charging station somewhere – and even if it is with 3 percent battery, but that works. The further away from the motorways I get, the more inconsistent the supply of charging infrastructure becomes – without differentiating in detail between AC or DC right now. And sometimes the charging parks are also located quite inconveniently. And of course that's something that makes things difficult around operational processes that have to take place in certain areas.

So I can't drive a long detour just because the charging park is there. That means we're more dependent on that. And those are exactly the partnerships I'm looking for right now, where we might be able to motivate one or the other EMP or also CPO or both in one to build the charging park where we would need it. The good thing is, you can combine that very well. So we often sit together in industrial areas with other companies that

different types of business activities, but wherever there is at least a charging need for employees who travel there and who will increasingly be driving electrically, hopefully, but also for trucks of different sizes. That means it's actually fun for a CPO like that to operate a charging park when it's clear they have a certain baseline utilisation that can also be measured. And that's what we can definitely offer from our side. We know which transports we commission. We know roughly what the minimum driving distances for those are. What

comes on top of that on top, we don't know. But that's all the better for the CPO. Now we just have to find the right locations and the right design for charging parks together. Yes, exciting. And that means you would then – that would be in addition to the CPO tasks you're already doing yourself at your own locations – these hybrid extra needs you mentioned, then at individual branches... Then as a concrete example: I'm currently in talks in the Osnabrück area with a group,

so there are different companies, a mix of companies that want to build a charging park there. There's a property, and that creates defined limited space. And in this business park there's us as a customer, a few other companies. And there's also a freight forwarding company. And of course the idea came up: what if we created a charging park there that's suitable for charging large trucks? And if it is, then it's also suitable for charging vans, because those

would fit there too. You'd certainly need to agree on desired charging times, so timeframes or time windows. But that's combinable and usable. And we're currently in very interesting discussions about this. I hope it comes to fruition. And for DPD so to speak killing two birds with one stone, because the freight forwarding company that's located there is also working for us. That means we could then directly tell them: Hey, drive electrically for us – no problem. There's the charging park. Let's go.

Cool. And you mentioned you have a lot of DC installed at your branches. It surprises me a bit – you probably have more AC than DC, because that's sufficient. We currently have around 420 AC charging points across 24 locations. We have 34 DC charging points. We started building DC bit by bit alongside the AC park because we said: well, if there's enough power available – and for the odd truck we also want to be able to offer a bit more power. Or also as

a backup: if I'm charging a fleet overnight and something goes wrong, at least in the morning I can get the vehicle fully charged and out on tour. Meanwhile we've really expanded the DC significantly. So the first ones had around 75 kW per charging point. Now we're at IP-Tronings with up to 400 kW. Of course it also depends on what the vehicle can handle. But from the outset, in the hope that the OEMs would then also build and develop the right vehicles, we tried to build future-proof,

to build that way. So all the AC charging points can have up to 22 kW, with RFID readers. That means I can actually bill for it, I can assign it: who charged there? But they're all not public. So far we haven't opened any charging stations to the public. That's also simply because most of them are behind gates and barriers on our operating premises, which doesn't make it so easy, and we don't want to and can't and aren't allowed to have people driving through there. The DC charging points we at least

recently planned so they're really universally usable, so for trucks too. With six charging points in a depot we certainly wouldn't be able to cover a complete truck fleet that's being delivered and picked up there, but for charging or intermediate charging – certainly conceivable. Of course we didn't want to leave out the shunting vehicles we operate on the premises ourselves. That means there are sometimes 6, 7, 8 shunting vehicles driving around moving the swap bodies on the depot site. Currently they're still

classic diesel vehicles. They already exist in electric form, and they of course have to charge somewhere, and they need the shortest possible downtime. So for that we simply had to provide the power so we can say: during a normal shift break the vehicle can be charged again for the next six to eight hours. That means we deliberately planned DC in combination. AC is typically intended for pure delivery vehicles. Logically interesting. And how many – can you roughly say, on average how many vehicles

per branch are there? Or does it vary a lot from branch to branch? We're very different at the moment. We still need to step up our efforts if we actually want to reach our ambitious targets. But I'm optimistic because I have the feeling a small wave is rolling in now. So in recent months I've experienced – I'll get to the numbers in a moment – in recent months I've experienced that quite a few depot managers or depot leaders have actually approached me or our department

and said: "Hey, I have a system partner here who's interested. He'd also want to try it with an electric car. But where can he charge? He's worried. Things look bad for us, he doesn't have any charging facilities himself, and I haven't set anything up at the depot either. What am I supposed to do?" So at the moment we're being driven by demand to move forward on this. We're now going to create a kind of basic equipment in every depot. So

a few charging points that can be used universally for employees, guests and company vehicles, but also for vans. Simply to give each depot the opportunity to get a taste of it. So also to tell the system partner: "Yes, why don't you drive electric. Just try it out. Replace your car with an electric vehicle. If you have the chance to try it out for four weeks to see if it works." And that's the only way you also take away the fear that still exists, even in the private sector.

To the concrete numbers: it varies a lot from depot to depot. But we're in Berlin right now, and in Berlin we've actually already reached 20% electric fleet at two depots. So it's going very quickly here, but also because the conditions here are actually particularly good. We have both depots in the city area. That means the distances to the delivery areas are very short. Many of the vehicles don't even need to charge every day – the battery capacity is sufficient for two days. And the accessibility of the depots is

also good. So no matter what model the delivery driver's commute involves, which the system partner has, it can actually be mapped. And that's why it went remarkably quickly in Berlin. And I think from the feedback I get, many delivery drivers say that once they've been driving electric for a while and have also mentally adjusted a bit to it, it's fantastic – they actually don't want to go back to diesel. It's much more relaxed. Are there developments in range that

have been very, very positive in recent years? That's a bit of criticism: we talked earlier about a vehicle manufacturer, not an OEM, but a manufacturer. If I were to place a point in the direction of OEMs, it would be: please provide more transparency about vehicle performance on your websites and in your documents. It's very difficult to reconcile this information. Of course there's advertising with up to 280 kilometres of range and up to 1.4 tonnes of payload and up to 15 cubic metres – except these

three things don't exist together. So if it's the long range, then there's less payload. Or if it's the payload, then there's less range. Or there's less loading volume. And that makes it very difficult to get a clear overview. A development is emerging: the powertrains have become more efficient. The batteries have improved, the control systems have improved. And there are also now models on the market that were developed from the outset as electric vehicles. So the

first ones were really converted combustion vehicles, to be honest. And that's certainly no longer the case – just through combined axles that bring the drive and all the electronics with them, you naturally achieve different weight distribution and different designs. A lot has changed there. Especially for cities, the range is quite sufficient if our depot isn't too far away. We unfortunately also have cases where there's about 20 kilometres of commute between the depot and the city. Then of course it becomes a range issue again, especially in

winter. But a lot is happening there, and I'm confident that a lot more will happen with the different battery standards that are currently being developed. But there are cities where it seems to be working. Another good example is Nuremberg. Interestingly, it's really the cities where our depot is also very close to the city or actually within the city area. And that's where things are really progressing strongly. That means there are also realistic ranges –

that you could call them that? So they all manage 80 kilometres, even in winter, even with the smallest battery. Normal ranges, I think, settle down as a mix across all driving – we have different models in use – as a mix across all vehicles at around realistic 140, 150 kilometres. In winter maybe a few less, depending on the driver's driving style maybe a few more or a few less. The advantage we have is that we – and I notice this with my electric car

I drive a lot of long distances because I'm really a lot on the road in Germany, between the depots or also to meetings with city officials. Motorways consume the most, of course. And I also get less out of my electric car from recuperation and so on, because at best I'm just going with the flow. We are – the delivery drivers are on city roads and rural roads, less on motorways. That means they actually get the full benefit of electric vehicles, in that they get a bit of charge back with every braking at best

case. And in the stressful working day – I don't want to cast aspersions on any delivery driver, but I think anticipatory driving is not necessarily the first focus, but really finding an old opportunity in traffic to get quickly to the next stop. That means stop-and-go traffic is ideal for electric vehicles. So I think we get a lot of realistic range out of that too, meaning that the stated range is also really realistic. And my question about the numbers of vehicles

was more the total number, so both combustion engine and electric vehicles. Yes, we are at the moment – I've already said it, we have around 9,500 vehicles on the road per day. We're now in the low, not quite so low single-digit percentage range. We're above the German average in terms of electric vehicle penetration. But there's still quite a bit of ground to cover. And the branches are roughly similar. Or are there already branches that are very, very large, maybe compared to other branches? The branches range

from large to small. So we do have some very, very large ones. We have rather smaller branches especially in northern Germany or in the Bavarian Forest, yes, actually in rather rural areas. This goes back a bit historically to where manufacturing businesses are actually located, because of course we also pick up parcels and feed them into the depot, but also deliver to this manufacturing sector. We were, especially in the B2B area, part of supply chains. And so of course where the action is,

in the Stuttgart region for example, we have the larger depots. The more rural, the smaller the depots tend to be. The more rural, but also the less pressure there actually is from cities to really move towards zero emissions. This is of course a big issue in major cities, where things tend to cluster a bit, where there are sometimes also detailed plans. Hamburg is an example with this document that wants to achieve a certain proportion of electric deliveries by 2030 or 2035. The plans

of the cities are quite different and in my experience range quite a bit from large to small. And in terms of TCO, so cost-wise, comparing electric to combustion engine: that's a very interesting field. So we've seen in recent years that like clockwork at year-end the OEMs have run big discount campaigns. So there were vehicles at crazy leasing rates through the house leasing company or the house bank of the OEMs. There were sometimes also, even after the end of subsidy programmes, really offers that I think were driven a bit

by meeting fleet emissions values. But of course good for us. So one or another system partner was sometimes swayed by a very attractive offer to finally engage with the topic of e-mobility even unsolicited. With internal charging, the TCO calculation is of course better than with diesel, quite clearly. So even if I bought the vehicles off the shelf and operated them for a certain time, I'm really in good territory there, because we simply buy our electricity ourselves, we don't buy our

electricity day-dynamically, but at least on the spot market. So then we also make sure we always get a good price and of course can then also pass on a very good electricity price as charging current. Public charging – that's where the positive TCO becomes worse. It really depends a lot on leasing costs or on purchase price depreciation. But even there you're doing well. Let's see how the diesel price develops in the coming years against the backdrop of CO₂ trading. But you're at least

not significantly worse off. I do have to deal differently than in the petrol station sector with the topic of energy costs, because the margin is much larger. So I can charge from good offer at 0.33 € – always net – to bad offer at 0.90 €. This factor of three rarely exists in the conventional combustion engine sector. Diesel isn't somewhere 1.50 € and somewhere else 4.50 €. So the spread is much larger. And that's then the challenge towards system partners when it comes to

public charging, to deal with it – and unfortunately really in the respective action or delivery area. And you meant the system partners, is there now a need for them to proactively approach you? Is it also because of the TCO, or what? How should one imagine that, what are the backgrounds there? One or another – so we have a system partner for example in the Ruhr area. He has now decided: I'm converting my entire fleet to electric vehicles because first of all I think it's good. Second it's fun for the drivers.

And third I'm also saving money. So I have to go to the workshop much less. All these maintenance issues – fluid changes here, fluid changes there, brake wear is lower – that's a completely different story in the electric vehicle sector. And this entrepreneur recognized that and says it works for him. For him it works for his deliveries, for his delivery area too. We also have charging infrastructure at that depot that he can benefit from. And there are certainly such success stories. And we try to

share them in the company and say: why don't you talk to each other. So we're certainly your client. But if you want to know how it really works at the grassroots, how it works in the delivery operation, talk to each other. And that happens to some extent. And I think that convinces one or another faster than if there was always pressure from us externally, but simply to say: give it a try. We can try to create the best conditions here, but in the end you have to implement the assignment yourself as an entrepreneur. That's what you're

entrepreneur. Yes. And before we dive deeper into the topic of energy management and smart charging – the podcast is called Smart Charge and it's about fleets – how predictable are the routes actually? You mentioned a bit that there are certain plannable things and other ad-hoc situations that come up. Maybe you could explain a bit more about what you might not have on your radar. 90% is plannable, that's quite a lot. So yes,

90% is certainly plannable. The problem is just that the planning isn't the same for every day – that's on top of it. So we definitely have seasonal fluctuations. We also have day-of-the-week fluctuations. So Monday is a different day than Friday and Saturday, and than Tuesday through Friday. These are things that affect our normal business though. We've adapted to them to some extent. It's similar with conventional vehicles. With conventional vehicles, I think at the

end it very often and repeatedly comes down to a purely emotional discussion. Because of course, when the tank is empty, the tank is empty. And when the battery is empty, the battery is empty. And both are certainly comparable. The only difference is a slightly longer time with the electric vehicle to solve the problem. So I would have to get to a charging station, just like to a gas station otherwise. But then I might need 15 minutes, 20 minutes instead of 5 minutes. But that's ultimately the only difference. That

means: Just as the system partner either deals with how the vehicle is refuelled or doesn't, because it simply works – we just have to make that work for e-mobility too. And to some extent that works in parallel, as I described earlier. But of course there are fixed times in the daily routine of a delivery driver. He's at the depot at certain times. He's there again in the afternoon at certain times. In between, of course, he has to make his stops and

do that at a certain performance level. That means, to simply say: then I'll take a 10 kilometre detour to the next charging station and stand there for 20 minutes – he won't do that. That means, of course, we'll always try to place the charging process somehow outside of pure delivery time, ideally at the depot. For that we create our own charging infrastructure or near it. It doesn't have to be at the depot. It could also be the public charging hub nearby that was described earlier. But if all that isn't enough and also for perhaps additional

routes that we don't know about – namely when the driver is allowed to take the vehicle home, for example – then he has to charge somewhere else. At home he can't charge, because most of them in the apartment – probably many of our delivery people won't. And I mean, my own situation is similar. So both charging options won't necessarily be suitable for the van on my street, because of the space constraints. That means, safety isn't really guaranteed that there would be

an option there. And a house, if I have one and a wallbox, then of course. But it will be the case in very few instances. That means, we can also try to create the best possible conditions and also advise and support as best as possible. But ultimately it's an entrepreneur, an independent entrepreneur, who is working on our behalf and who has to find the best way for his fleet that works for him. And when we talk about things like framework contracts for charging cards

and so on – we have that, we negotiate that too, we make offers on that. But there, of course, is the entrepreneur's freedom to take advantage of it or not. And then on the topic of load management, energy management: do you see potential there? You've said a bit about that already – spot market – but maybe the keywords solar, wind power, battery storage: what are topics that might concern you? We already have solar. The difficulty is a bit that we don't own many of the buildings. So we

are tenants in many buildings. You certainly have to look at: do the financing and investment periods for a solar system fit with the existing lease agreements? Are there any overlaps? The topic was always a bit difficult in the past, also because legislation kept changing – regarding how to best calculate such a solar park, especially in light of changed feed-in tariffs. We have PV systems at several depots. We unfortunately find that having the system and being allowed to switch it on are still two different things.

Usually the grid operators also don't get around to taking it all in so that we can really start. But the difficulty there is also: the sun shines when the vehicles aren't in the yard. So direct charging falls away right away. And in many depots there's also the classic early and late shift, and there's less going on in between. That means, it's actually always counterproductive: where we generate lots of electricity, you don't need much electricity and vice versa. We already have a few storage solutions

We calculated it through, but we found that they would have to be very large and that we would probably have to wait another one or two years until the battery technology, or until the costs for storage solutions, come down a bit. Because if we really want to say we use one-to-one the electricity we produce, we already have a lot of roof space, and that would require a very large battery. So we need to look at that again. We don't have that much experience with storage yet, but with PV systems we certainly do. And at least you can say: okay, we generate a large part of the electricity we consume on the last mile ourselves – even if it takes the detour via the grid and our own grid purchase. So I understood correctly that most delivery vehicles are on the road during the day and then the late shift doesn't start again until quite late. Exactly. That means there isn't this lunch break period where you could – so if you ever get the chance to visit a depot

– we can certainly arrange that sometime – during the day is always a bad time. There's a sorting facility that isn't running. And we have many depots now that also work almost continuously, where customer pickups are processed very early, where swap bodies from large customers roll onto the yard and are unloaded during the day. But there are certainly depots that still have this classic early and late shift, and the vehicles are unfortunately not there in between. So we would actually

need to invest more in storage solutions, which right now is simply a question of calculation and cost factors. But we have – I've already mentioned it – at least load management to avoid load peaks and to ensure the best possible utilization of the transformer, but also not to exceed it. Intelligent charging in the sense of allocation per charging point is a difficult topic in that regard. I've already described it: in most cases we don't have the situation where we have, say, 30 or 40 vehicles standing in the depot for a longer period. That would

make sense if I said: hey, take the electricity at night when it's cheap, buy it cheap as well and ideally also spread the charging power for a huge charging park over the available time window. But it's simply not that easy in the mix of spatial conditions and our system partner model. That's why the need for really intelligent charging infrastructure control right now is more in the area of load management and load peak shaving. That means there simply aren't enough vehicles in most branches that are there.

It becomes interesting, for example, if we run through the exercise – as I said earlier – that we could convince a large CPO to build a charging park for, say, 200 vehicles somewhere next to the depot. Then of course I could put 200 charging points there and say: they don't all have to be able to charge at 22 kW constantly, but maybe I can spread the vehicles at 5 kW over the whole night. Or maybe I have 200 parking spaces but only 20 charging points, and have some form of charging management,

so that when the vehicles are full or taken out and driven back, the charging stations would of course have to be controlled differently. Then of course control that charges our fleet the way we need it for the next delivery round in the morning would be necessary and also very useful. And those are more the use cases I see – whether it's our own charging park or a third-party charging park that we maybe can feed with parameters via some interface, where we can say: now

we have 200 vehicles standing there. Some of them with long routes, with shorter routes, with reserve vehicles. And that's how we'd like them charged in the end. Then I'm in the area of intelligent charging infrastructure control. What we're actually lacking right now are the charging parks with which something like this would be feasible – there simply isn't enough volume yet. Right now we're using the time the vehicle is at the depot, which fortunately is usually enough for inner-city tours. So classic calculation: a vehicle, a van, consumes around 30 to 35 kWh per

100 kilometers on an inner-city tour of about 60 kilometers. So I'm talking about 20 to 25 kilowatt-hours. I have those 25 kilowatt-hours in two hours, even if during the morning I'm preparing the tour or loading the vehicle or maybe clarifying some paperwork that's needed before the tour starts. That means an AC charging station at the gate is enough for me and I drive away and go out on tour fully charged. That applies to the vehicles and to the gates where we've installed charging infrastructure. If I

now have charging points that are somewhere at the other end of the depot, then I'm simply limited by the space. And then I'm also limited by the possibilities I have now to intelligently control anything there. For understanding: if you now had or have a depot with a certain number of charging points and the vehicles then come back from the tour at 17:00 or 18:00 – those are the times, sometimes earlier – so to speak back. And then

you have

vehicle between that time and the next tour. If he doesn't have a late shift after that, then the first shift in the morning at 06:00 am. The classic workflow is: the vehicle arrives, then there's a certain amount of time for tour preparation in the morning, and ideally the vehicle is at the gate through which it will also be loaded. Ideally, I have a charging station or charging point there that I can use during that time. And on some tours, especially for city center

tours, the power requirement works out so well that the necessary battery charge is there. Unfortunately, not all gates are equipped with charging infrastructure because we also have gates that we use twice. Then it goes in the direction: will the charging station get damaged and so on. And this concept of standing overnight – unfortunately, vehicles can't stay at all gates either because we have gates that are used twice,

I already mentioned that. That means used twice: there are also swap bodies being loaded and unloaded or there are shunting processes, repositioning processes happening around them, and the vehicles are in the way. And these are all issues that unfortunately mean that the ideal notion – every vehicle has its own charging point at the gate and can either stand there overnight or can charge enough in the morning – unfortunately doesn't always work out. Quite apart from the fact that also – and this is perhaps a bit of a startup issue around e-mobility –

this whole topic of insurance, charging at the building: what happens in case of fire, how does that work out, who is then responsible? That was also an issue that I first had to laboriously work through with a lot of external expertise until we found the right way for ourselves to say: do we want this? Do we really want 300 e-vehicles standing overnight at the hall, in case a battery somehow catches fire? And these are all issues that led us to, for example,

to cluster, so to say, we install charging stations at 6, 7 gates, then there's a gap, then 6, 7 gates again. They led us to say: better play it safe, don't accidentally damage the charging stations through swap body movements or whatever. And we had to figure out where the vehicles aren't in the way. So vehicles not being in the way is one big challenge for you, and fire protection as a second challenge – yes, as a challenge, but also as a topic,

that wasn't really clearly defined at the beginning either. So there are garages – nowadays there are also cases in quite normal rental buildings where it's unwanted to now put an e-car in, because certain reservations exist. Previously, there were always signs above garages for gas vehicles that shouldn't go in there. Now apparently it's the e-vehicle, the new gas vehicle, that gets stigmatized in such an underground garage. But there was also simply a lot of uncertainty and confusion. What do you need to

watch out for? How safe do I need to be? How safe do I also want to make it for myself? And it somewhat led to us, for example, in a large depot in Nuremberg with eight hall sides – so that's a classic hall shape with an inside and an outside – being able to and wanting to equip only two of the eight hall sides with charging infrastructure in the first phase. Okay. And does that mean that as things stand today at your company, it's not so common for vehicles to charge overnight, or in

many cases the delivery driver takes the vehicle with them, I already mentioned that, because that's the option for him to be back at the depot in the morning for the early shift or at the early start of his day. In some cases, we simply don't have the space for it. We generally rely at many depots on vehicles coming, being unloaded, and then driving away again. Wherever. But they're not our vehicles. They're the vehicles

of our system partners. The system partner has to deal with that. There are system partners who say: those are my assets, I've spent money on – or I'm paying money for – and that's my fixed assets in my company. I want to decide for myself where they stay. Sometimes they stay near the depot on a parking lot, sometimes they stay, if there's space, also on parking lots in the depot. But sometimes he also says: I'm giving it to my driver because I have no other option. And is that changing too? You had

Also the keyword of being a tenant and planning PV systems so that it lasts long enough – how long the rental contract still runs – so you can also plan it, and so you then sort of plan larger depots and depots with other formats because of e-mobility, right? Well, we're in depot planning and ultimately network planning. So where do I have which transshipment points, that's a constant topic. We've been doing that for years. We're naturally continuing to do that. And due to volume shifts, perhaps also general economic developments, there are

always shifts, or a depot is simply at the end of its rental contract term and, given current challenges with package mix and transshipment processes, is no longer able to grow. And then the classic question is: retrofit, demolish, new construction, or find some other depot. And whenever we do that now, there's a whole catalog that is actually part of depot planning, so such building planning for a depot is, where many aspects on the topic of sustainability are included. These are topics like ground source heating – we've implemented that in some depots. Generally,

How is the air conditioning designed? How do I make the charging infrastructure topic sustainable and find suitable spaces for it? Of course, I can also design the outside of halls in such a way that the insurance issue is covered from the start. So that I can say it has a certain fire resistance. I can plan space conditions completely differently, and with new construction, as I said, there's a whole catalog that we work through beforehand to say: Okay, we've found the solution that's optimally tailored to our processes, but also the most

sustainable solution – that's how we build the next depot. A depot that we're currently building is in Kaiserslautern this year, for example. Construction has already started. I think the foundation slab is already done. And it's actually the first depot that we're building from the outset with charging infrastructure for delivery vehicles. There's also a parking lot for delivery vehicles, in case they can be covered there, where charging stations are installed. And the depots that have simply grown over decades, growing with the business

grew with it – the conditions there are unfortunately as they are. And in some cases they're not expandable, so to speak, with no additional space next to them. In many cases, a large parking lot unfortunately isn't possible either. But we think about such issues and we plan such issues from the start with new construction, unlike we did 20 years ago. That makes sense. And how do you assess what others do – also competitors in the industry who manage to charge at their depots? What

other conditions do they have that enable that? We're talking about these topics not least in the transport committee, also for our industry, or at least among the member companies at Bpex. And from what I gather as experience values from competitors, the problems are more or less comparable. Of course, I have the option if I plan a larger network build. There were certainly competitors of ours who built their – for example, specifically – x distribution centers newly and could then draw from a modular system

And of course, I can plan such topics from the start. As I said, we do that too when we build new. But in very many cases we don't build new, because I think we've been looking for a location near Stuttgart for a new depot build for 20 years. It's either not affordable or not to be found. And in some cases – that's unfortunately also an issue – logistics is not wanted. When you often speak with city officials or real estate companies,

then of course it applies: the more workers, the better. We're not a manufacturing business. We already have a few hundred people in such a depot, but a manufacturing operation probably has more. And of course, no one wants to deliberately bring traffic into a certain area. But we're logistics companies. That means, even if there are spaces available, we don't always necessarily get them. So the new construction issue would of course be the simplest, but we often have to work with what we have, that is, with the depot we have. And of course you can

add a PV system. You can build charging infrastructure within the constraints of space, but if there's no space, there's no space. Beyond that: What do you see as the biggest hurdles to enable 100 percent electromobility – your plan that you have until 2040 – to enable? I think when the wave that's slowly emerging now really starts rolling, and when vehicles – I think there are two points around vehicles that are still a bit unclear, which we can look at shortly. But

there's nothing against actually completely electrifying the last mile. What we haven't talked about yet is, for example, 7.5-ton vehicles. There aren't that many of them on the market yet. There's the eCanter. We've tested that too. There's now, I think, a new model. We haven't tested the new model yet, but I'm already interested. I'm working on it a bit already. But the bulk of vehicles can be electrified. I think we really need to take away the system partner's fear

And that's also driven a bit by public perception. It's always overrated: Then I somehow stand around for half an hour until the battery is full. No, I don't necessarily have to. So depending on what battery charge I arrive with, how it's preconditioned, of course also a bit depending on the weather conditions, it can be done in 15 minutes. And 15 minutes is, I think, nothing that stands in the way of switching to e-mobility, compared to 5 minutes filling up with diesel. So I think,

you can take away these fears. It's certainly a lot of work, because, as already mentioned, I really do have to look at the particular area, the particular situation on the ground, and find the best mix from the possibilities there. We won't be able to cover 100 percent through our own charging infrastructure. I don't believe that. That's also not efficient from a land use perspective. I think we'd build a huge parking lot that would stand empty for a large part of the day anyway and is really only used at night. And I know

whether that's really the best way. Okay, and are there any other challenges you can think of? Well, honestly, given the conviction and certainly acceptable availability of reliable electric vehicles, I can't think of anything that should really prevent us. We certainly need to step up what we've achieved so far. But as I said, my feeling is that right now I'm getting more inquiries about where the charging infrastructure is than we actually need to convince people to switch to electric. The two issues around the vehicle: One is, I think, it's

hardly any OEM offering realistic service contracts at the moment. I think they're still playing it safe and calculating significantly higher service overhead and thus significantly higher costs than an electric vehicle actually has. I think that's a cost advantage that the calculations, whether in leasing or in pure service contracts, haven't really captured yet. The second issue is of course related to that – the topic of resale value or secondary market – and that naturally has direct or indirect effects on the

leasing rate or also on residual values. And those are two big points that certainly no one can really answer yet, also because of the still young age of e-mobility overall. At the moment, vehicles are basically always calculated down to zero by the end of their lease period, but that's not actually correct. So why shouldn't an electric van, after it's maybe no longer used by the system partner in the parcel delivery industry, be put to use elsewhere? Other industries are also getting involved. So those are two

major uncertainties that also play into the TCO topic and where it's currently difficult to set a realistic value. But we know purchase prices, we know electricity prices, everything else is more or less calculable. It's really about saying: Where can I allay fears, provide support, and, let's say, give that initial push? And was the 2040 target only for the last mile, or also for the freight forwarders? The 2040 target is net zero overall. So clearly, the 10% that somehow always remains, we need to deal with that. But we still have a bit of time for that. Until 2030, the target was to have the last mile predominantly emissions-free. So we really want to have the cities by then, in any case. Whether we can get across Mecklenburg, whether we can get across the Bavarian Forest with current ranges and with the vehicle sizes needed really depends on the available supply. That means from 2030 onwards, you can imagine more e-trucks will come. We're tackling trucks in parallel. I think there, the electric trucker helps more than I can, if a freight forwarder actually takes a look at that. We're actually planning to have him as a podcast guest soon. I met him last week, on site in Munich. We had a good conversation at least, and hopefully you'll hear from him soon. And I was recently in a group in Hamburg for a meeting. It was actually about the Hamburg port, about the topic of electrifying large trucks, that is,

heavy trucks, because they really move containers with 40–42 tonnes total weight of the train there. The hesitation among freight forwarders seemed quite large. Because of course – I think everyone has their own preferences or an affinity for a certain manufacturer. And with the electric trucker, you can see that charging speeds, ranges and battery sizes are still very, very different – between MAN, Mercedes, Iveco, whatever they're called. And depending on which direction one or the other came from, it was immediately: "400 kilometres – what am I supposed to do with that?" And I think there – from my perspective, looking through my DPD glasses, this whole area of freight forwarders, in terms of knowledge level and the educational work already done, is still a bit behind our last mile. But I think once that comes, we won't have the difficulties of converting our long-distance transport to electric or at least to locally emission-free. Maybe fuel cell trucks will boom too. I don't

know. So there are interesting solutions too. That's certainly very much dependent on the expansion of parking areas along the motorways with charging infrastructure. And something that personally drives me is this idea that we manage to save costs, especially by charging when there's a lot of renewable energy on the grid, and then also generate revenue through bidirectional charging when prices are high – just discussed that. We're sitting in the Future Energy Lab of the German Energy Agency and also talked with a start-up. He said he has a tipper truck at home and yesterday on Sunday – or I can't remember exactly, but in the last few days – he switched everything on at home he could because he was being paid €25 per kilowatt-hour, so effectively with grid fees and taxes. He still got paid to consume his energy – was very absurd. And I'd never heard that before. That was the first time I came across it, that you're actually being paid even with the grid fees

not to mention taxes. So those are really exciting times ahead where we can actually use the battery as a commodity. We can generate additional revenue streams. And I think – and especially in the commercial vehicle sector – if we manage to show that not only do we save on fuel costs, but we can also generate additional revenue through intelligent charging and discharging management, then I think we'll also overcome a lot of the hesitation that still exists. Because at the end of the day, everyone's looking at the bottom line. And if we can show: your TCO is better, and on top of that, you can generate additional revenue through smart charging – then I think we've found a really good argument.

not. So there are definitely interesting solutions. That's certainly very much dependent on expanding parking areas along the motorways with charging infrastructure. And something that personally drives me is this idea that we manage to save costs, especially through charging when there's a lot of renewable energy on the grid, and then also generate revenue through bidirectional charging when prices are high – as we just discussed. We're sitting in the Future Energy Lab of the German Energy Agency and also spoke with a start-up. He said he has a tipper truck at home and yesterday, on Sunday – or I can't remember exactly, but in recent days – he switched everything on at home he could because he was being paid €25 per kilowatt-hour, so to speak with grid charges and taxes. He was still being paid to use his energy – that was very absurd. And I'd never heard that before. That was the first time I encountered it, that you're actually being paid even with the grid charges

not to mention taxes. So those are really exciting times ahead where we can use the battery as a commodity. We can generate additional revenue streams. And I think – especially in the commercial vehicle sector – if we can show that not only do we save on fuel costs, but we can also generate additional revenue through intelligent charging and discharging management, then I think we'll also overcome a lot of the reluctance that still exists. Because at the end of the day, everyone's looking at the bottom line. And if we can show: your TCO is better, and on top of that, you can generate additional revenue through smart charging – then I think we've found a really good argument.

and taxes. So those are really exciting times ahead where we can use the battery as a commodity and generate additional revenue streams. And I think – especially in the commercial vehicle sector – if we manage to show that not only do we save on fuel costs, but we can also generate additional revenue through intelligent charging and discharging management, then I think we'll also overcome a lot of the hesitation that still exists today. Because ultimately, everyone's looking at the bottom line. And if we can show: your TCO is better, and on top of that you can generate additional revenue through smart charging – then I think we've found a really strong argument.

and taxes quasi earned money for electricity consumption. Now it will probably – I don't know how long that will last or how it will all develop. Nobody knows exactly how it will develop, how many negative prices there will be. But what I was getting at: these price differentials are already brutal today and will probably represent an insane opportunity in the future, in my view. But as you said, the problem you personally have is that in practice there are many issues with parking spaces, et cetera.

Do you still see that somehow as an opportunity for you to take advantage of something like that? That depends a bit on that, I think. Well, of course, storage solutions – we talked about that earlier. If I have a storage solution, whether for the PV system or just generally as a buffer for e-mobility so I don't put extra load on the transformer, I can obviously play around with something like that. I think in the vehicle sector it's easier in the private sector, where I have a battery that I don't actually need for my daily mileage.

In the van sector it's a bit the opposite. At the moment, the combination of payload, cargo volume and battery is still a bit of a limiting triangle. And I find it hard to imagine that at night, when electricity is cheap, I charge the battery fully, and then during the shift time of the depot the next morning I can discharge electricity again or somehow sell it – whatever – because I actually need the battery capacity for the tour. If that of course develops significantly in a big way

and if ranges of 400–500 kilometres in a van become possible in future, then I can think about something like that. Then of course I would have huge potential with 9,000 vehicles if I scale it across all of Germany now. I would then like a model where they are charged in an organized way somewhere, where I can play around with these intelligent solutions – then that would of course be fantastic. But at the moment our focus is first on converting as many tours as possible to electric with the existing technology, that is, with the vehicles that exist

at all. And I see the topic of intelligent energy management in and out more in the area of storage solutions. But I think I'm not necessarily the expert there. That means it's conceivable that if the battery size of the vehicles also – the requirements are just different in the private sector than in the commercial sector, because the commercial sector always wants as much range as possible, at least as much as I need for the day plus a buffer. We've already talked about that

Before. In the private sector I have a battery for 400 kilometres, but what does the average person drive per day? 15, 20, 30 kilometres. So of course I can play around with 370 kilometres, which I wouldn't like to do in the commercial sector. Although the cool thing about commercial vehicles is that so much energy goes in and out. We discussed that a lot with the electric truck too. If you charge that much, then you can get a lot out of it too, especially if you charge at the right time.

If you charge very little, that's true. But there's this well-known saying that logistics stores goods on the road, meaning they have to keep moving. And the vehicles have to keep moving too. That means, to make the mental leap and say: now I'm planning around the times when the vehicle is stationary – that's actually, let's say, not such a popular perspective. Ideally the vehicle should be on the road around the clock and stand still as little as possible. For a truck, that's certainly what the haulier always hopes for. On the last mile there are of course times when vehicles tend to stand still. But given the current development of battery technology, I would discharge less power, preferring to keep as much as possible in the battery. Yes, with bidirectional charging. But when you have to charge, then quasi – I could certainly check whether I can subdivide the time window I have into phases where

electricity is particularly cheap. I have to say: Germany is not really the pioneer country when it comes to smart meters and this whole dynamic energy management, generally speaking. I know this from a friend of mine from Sweden who says: "I only run all my electrical appliances at home at night. It costs me three cents or so for electricity." Yes, unfortunately, especially in the private sector. Yesterday I was again with Bitkom in the Smart Grids working group. That was also a big discussion about how smart meters in Germany are progressing so slowly. I also have a specific opinion on that, which I'd like to express here. You shouldn't approach the whole thing so complicatedly. There's measurement and control technology, and you can measure how much electricity has been consumed, install that as quickly as possible, and then how you do the charging controls – that with the most secure standards, IoT standards, like other countries do – should be enough, and not with additional hardware

for control with a gateway that has to be particularly secure. That just makes everything more complicated. And that's why we're at 2% and not at 100% like other countries. We tend perhaps a bit too much towards German over-engineering. Exactly, a bit too little pragmatism. I think many people would agree with that. However, in the commercial context – if one wants to be positive and constructive – there are the so-called RLM meters, which have been installed since 100,000 kWh for a long time, which

es auch eine große Gespräch, wie die Smart Meter in Deutschland leider so langsam vorankommen. Dazu habe ich auch eine spezifische Meinung, die ich hier gerne kundtun kann. Man sollte nicht so kompliziert an die ganze Sache rangehen. Es gibt die Mess- und Regelungstechnik, und man kann messen, wie viel Strom verbraucht worden ist, das möglichst schnell verbauen, und dann, wie man die Ladesteuerungen macht – das mit möglichst sicheren Standards, IoT-Standards, wie das auch andere Länder machen – sollte ausreichen, und nicht mit einer zusätzlichen Hardware für die Steuerung mit Gateway, das besonders sicher sein muss. Das macht alles nur viel komplizierter.

und deshalb sind wir bei 2 % und nicht bei 100 % wie andere Länder. Wir neigen vielleicht ein bisschen zu deutschem Over-Engineering. Genau, ein bisschen zu wenig Pragmatismus. Ich glaube, da stimmen viele auch zu. Allerdings im Gewerbekontext – wenn man mal positiv-konstruktiv sein will – gibt es die sogenannten RLM-Zähler, die schon ab 100.000 kWh seit längerem verbaut worden sind, die das

also allow that. You are also active in the spot market, which is roughly the same thing, just on a larger scale. Yes. But these are certainly topics that I can implement differently in a pure new building or in a really major retrofit project or a new depot construction than in ongoing operations in a depot. There are sometimes meter and distribution infrastructures that have grown over the years. And bringing that into this era

where on the one hand I also want to control things at the depot – where do I need how much energy and when, which I definitely want to ensure, where I might let other processes take a back seat – that's already such a major overhaul that I think you'd rather only do it with new construction. Yes, and speaking of load management, let me wrap up that topic. The things that are more detailed – energy procurement and energy management – we just discussed. But I've also

heard in the industry that sometimes even simple load management doesn't work at all. Have you had problems with that too, or did it run pretty smoothly? Well, so far we haven't had any problems with our load management – as I said, we're entrusted with rather simple tasks. Really just peak load shaving. But we already handled that before because we noticed: a sorting facility like that – I don't know how many motors. When I start it up after a shift break, the

power consumption goes through the roof for a moment. You can of course also control that without load management at all, simply by switching things on piece by piece, maybe also building in some buffers. I'm not an electrician, I'm really a user – I never understood that in school. But you can do a lot yourself. Load management is then another layer of security to say: I'm definitely not exceeding a certain limit. So far we've been fortunate not to have to dial down anything dramatically, which is certainly also because we currently have even more charging points than electric vehicles on the road. But that will certainly catch up with us at some point. Then we just need to see that with load management we maybe learn what other options there are, or how we can expand it to other areas of the depot. So far load management is really a two-tier thing. There's the depot and there's the charging infrastructure, and load management regulates between them. We rarely dig deeper into the depot

to the point where we say, now also control between lighting, cooling, sorting facility and whatever else. But of course it's simply expandable following the same logic. And there are many new trends with electric vehicles, especially what the Chinese are bringing in particular. At least in the passenger car segment – I think – they're more present as a topic, that the Chinese are bringing incredibly good and also affordable vehicles right now. How is that in the van segment, do you follow that a bit? I think

the choice of van or the choice of brand in the van segment is driven very strongly – of course besides personal preferences and price – also by the existing or perceived service network, because that's naturally very important for the operator, that the vehicle, if something happens, gets back on the road as quickly as possible. And that's something that both in the passenger car segment and in the van segment the Chinese manufacturers are still struggling with a bit, either building their own service network or finding partnerships, so that

they can also credibly convey that fast and reliable service happens. And I think if that issue gets solved, then vans are certainly a pretty credible alternative that exists. I think decisions in the van segment are really made based on that. And the ones that – fancy features, the van doesn't need them. I regularly say in discussions with city centers that we also need to try to make the delivery driver a delivery driver again with technology, not a driver. That means for us the focus is really not on the driving, the activity, but the value-adding activity is the handover of the package. For that he has to drive somewhere somehow. But that's why the time he spends in the vehicle is really driven by: How can I make the rest of the activity as simple and as easy and as smooth as possible for him? And for that I need completely different things than what might be coming from the Chinese right now in the passenger car segment and looking nice. Vehicles are often

really selected based on: the less on it, the less can break, because it's just rough in daily use and the vehicle does x kilometers per day and somehow 100 stops. So 100 times door open, door closed, engine on, engine off, sit down on the seat, operate some switches. That has to be reliable. I think the focus in the van segment or in the commercial segment is different from what a vehicle needs to have now and what I can keep developing, than in the passenger car segment. And

let's speculate for a moment. Now that we're moving toward the finish line: what are some innovations? The podcast is also about a lot of innovations – the ones where you think, those are real game changers. Example: autonomous driving. But is that something that would realistically – you're already saying, door open, door closed, deliver packages – is that something that would be realistic in your eyes? Or are there other things you're also looking at, where you're looking forward with anticipation or where you're hoping for solutions? Well, autonomous driving is

really not suited for that at all. Because delivering a package – the customer wants it presented nicely, wants to be greeted, wants eye contact, wants to know this is a real person and not just some robot dropping the package on the doorstep. The value of the delivery driver – and I say this very deliberately – that value lies in the human interaction, in the service. And autonomous driving would take away exactly that. I would therefore say: forget autonomous driving in the last mile. There are other things that are much more exciting and much more promising.

What I find exciting is the route optimization, intelligent route optimization with AI, where you can really significantly reduce the number of kilometers driven, where you can predict, based on historical data, where packages will be delivered, and thus optimize the entire logistics chain much better. That's something that I think is really promising, and where there's a lot of potential. And also: what can we do with the vehicles themselves to make them more efficient, more sustainable? That's where I see much more potential than in autonomous driving. But let me ask you one more thing before we wrap up: Smart Charge by RiDERgy – how do you see the future of charging infrastructure and load management in the commercial sector over the next five to ten years?

Definitely a topic that would be a game changer for us as an industry, or is, or will be. Not necessarily to make the delivery person redundant, but someone still has to – the package still has to reach the recipient somehow. Whether I need someone to hand it over to the recipient, or whether we might someday have automatic parcel collection stations everywhere in the real estate sector, where the car somehow passes the package out of a shaft – those are all

such questions. That can certainly develop over time. But someone really needs to work on it, and I don't see that happening at the moment. That means I believe the delivery person – who ideally does so with a smile on their face, because they've climbed to the second floor and because they know where to find the recipient, handing over the package – we don't want to make them redundant at all. But the activities around it can certainly be structured differently with an autonomous vehicle. Maybe the delivery person meets up with the vehicle at the first stop, because: why should they go to the depot? In the morning I have a different team loading the vehicle. The vehicle finds its way to the first stop on its own, and then the delivery person arrives and can focus purely on handing over the package. I can also parallelize tasks: while I'm maybe delivering the second package at the neighboring entrance, the vehicle is already on its way to the next building entrance. I don't need to be in it when it's driving autonomously. These are things where autonomous driving will certainly really shake up our industry

because I can improve the proportion of value-adding activity in the delivery person's working time even further. And of course it also depends very much on price. If such an autonomous vehicle costs ten times as much, then the efficiency gain would have to be very large. But I do think it will provide quite a boost. Such things as autonomous delivery bots that bring me my package somehow certainly have a reason to exist – certainly not for mass business. I don't think the wish is that somehow 30,000

bots are driving around out there. But there are certainly use cases for it as well. Of course, I need it quickly, I want it secure, I want it personal – then I can also have such a little robot bring it to me. These are all topics that we're naturally looking at, with the goal of knowing: what does that mean for our processes and operations? Where do I need to consider that? I said earlier that the StreetScooter didn't fit because our ramps simply weren't made for the StreetScooter. You can of course do the same

thing with small delivery robots or with autonomous vehicles – you have to prepare your infrastructure accordingly. So we're definitely keeping an eye on all these developments and thinking about what they mean for us operationally. But at the end of the day, in my opinion, the focus has to remain on making the delivery as efficient as possible with the people we have today and with the technology available today. Because these future technologies – autonomous vehicles, delivery bots – they're still not mature enough to roll out at scale. And in the meantime, there's a lot we can optimize with what we have right now.

to ask the right question: What does a depot of the future need to look like for an autonomous delivery fleet? Do I need any space where they can stand when I don't need them? And how do I have to design the routes? Do I perhaps need to install some technology on site to make the control on the depot grounds as safe and as good as possible? These are all topics that we of course follow, but we're waiting for them to come, and then hopefully we can implement them very early on for us as well. Cool.

And then concrete solutions. You already mentioned one with the CPOs, with shared charging infrastructure in business parks, which is occupying you quite a bit right now. Are there other solutions that you wish for, or that would make life easier? I think what would actually make life easier for us is sufficiently available charging infrastructure. That's really the umbrella term. But I think around electric vehicles you can certainly develop other business models or think about them, and especially in combination with increasing autonomy and automation of the vehicle. For example, maybe

it already exists. I've already seen it at a trade fair. But maybe there will be a market for it at some point: When you arrive at the depot in the morning and realize your vehicle isn't full, someone comes by with a small mobile charger and charges you the last 10 percent. Or for example, operators of charging parks – why is a charging park more or less unmanned? There are somehow a few charging stations sitting around and power is flowing, but nothing else. Why isn't there maybe in the

future offers that say: With a view to our needs – you can hand me 200 vehicles in the evening, you hand over 200 keys and in the morning 200 fully charged vehicles are standing there. Whoever organizes that however at the charging park – a kind of concierge service for charging e-vehicles. I think there are business models and solutions around electric delivery that still have potential or that can still develop. Cool. Yes, so before we say goodbye: Do you have any

last things you'd like to pass on to the listeners? Or how people can get in touch with you? Or with DPD. DPD is well known, we have a very strong customer service, we also have a very good sales team. So I think if you want to get in touch with DPD professionally, you can do that very easily. I'm pretty easy to find on LinkedIn and Xing, I'm reachable there too. I have to beat my breast a bit: I don't always respond quickly, but

Nothing is lost. I'm actually not proactive enough in my approach, but I can be found and reached. What I would pass on to everyone, whether private or commercial, is simply to try out the topic of e-mobility. I believe it's less difficult, less restrictive, and less prone to failure than one always thinks and always assumes. I think it's great. I believe people won't want to turn it back either. There's certainly a reason for existence for one or another fossil-powered beauty, classic car, whatever. But I believe the

majority of vehicles, especially in the individual transport sector and on the last mile, can definitely be electrified without insurmountable obstacles. You have to engage with the topic differently, you have to get on board, and of course you also have to learn a bit more. So in that sense: keep driving electrically, Gerd. And thank you for being here. Thanks a lot for having me. It was a lot of fun. Yes, likewise. Thanks. That was a fascinating conversation with Gerd W. from DPD, who has worked in this logistics scene

and industry for a long time. I think we learned a lot about the challenges of a logistics provider, particularly in the last mile, but also the forwarding from depot to depot or branch to branch, the different aspects between city and countryside, particularly through e-mobility, and what challenges come up for such a logistics provider - whether it's an old branch or a new branch, what works and whether you take the vehicles home with you or not or can leave them there. And what we really found to be practical challenges with

the Streetscooter, the ramp for example, and developments in electric vehicles in terms of TCO, payload capacity, practical realities, what the OEMs promise and then the actual reality. A lot of technical aspects, but also business processes that I find very interesting, because ultimately, especially when you talk about smart charging again, as I think became very clear in this episode: the devil is in the detail. However, things are also possible, and you should definitely exhaust the possibilities and, as Gerd also said, stay open for the future.

E-mobility is possible right now, and you should simply experience it and then seize all the opportunities that come. I believe he is definitely, from my perspective and from the past I've had with him, a very open-minded person, a very smart person who also knows the industry very well. And please, as he suggested, get in touch with him. Stay loyal to this channel, and if you have suggestions, feel free to reach out to me. Feedback

is always welcome, as well as five-star ratings and recommendations to people you think might enjoy this. And until next time.

Episode notes

In dieser praxisnahen Episode des Smart-Charge-Podcasts spreche ich mit Gerd Seber, seit fast drei Jahr­zehnten in der KEP-Branche und heute Leiter Nachhaltigkeit bei DPD Deutschland. Gemeinsam tauchen wir tief in die Herausforderungen und Chancen ein, die eine vollelektrische Paket­logistik auf der letzten Meile mit sich bringt. Was euch erwartet - Vom Fahrer zum Strate­gen: Gerds Weg vom studentischen Zusteller zum Nachhaltigkeits­verantwortlichen und warum 20 Jahre DPD sein Verständnis für jede Prozess­stufe geschärft haben. - E-Flotten in der Praxis: Reichweiten, Ladezeiten und Total-Cost-of-Ownership realistischer als die Broschüren der OEMs – plus Insights zu AC- vs. DC-Ladern, Trafo­ausbau und Last­management in 80 Depots. - Systempartner-Modell & Lade­infrastruk­tur: Warum DPD Lade­punkte auf eigenem Gelände, beim Systempartner und im öffent­lichen Raum kombiniert – und wie „Innovations­zonen“ in Gewerbe­parks Ladeparks für Vans und E-Lkw ermöglichen könnten. - PV, Speicher & Spotmarkt: Eigenstrom vom Hallendach, die (noch) hohen Kosten stationärer Batterien und der Spagat zwischen Nacht­ladung und Last­spitzenkappung. - Zukunftsblick 2030 + 2040: Net-Zero-Ziel, 100 % E-Flotte in Städten bis 2030, Autonomie-Szenarien vom „Concierge-Ladepark“ bis zum selbstfahrenden Zustell­fahrzeug und warum Gerd bidirektionales Laden erst bei größeren Akkus sieht. - Mut zum Ausprobieren: Was E-Mobilität für Zusteller*innen wirklich bedeutet, wie DPD Ängste abbaut und warum jedes Unternehmen jetzt mit Pilotprojekten starten sollte. Schnallt euch an für ehrliche Zahlen, konkrete Best-Practice-Tipps und inspirierende Visionen, wie Pakete künftig schneller, sauberer und smarter ans Ziel kommen. Hat euch die Folge geholfen? Hinterlasst uns ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐, gebt Feedback auf LinkedIn und teilt die Episode mit allen, die Logistik neu denken wollen!