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Smart Charge · 20 August 2025 · 1 hr 38 min

Ep.22: Andreas Stoye, Gesellschafter & Geschäftsführer von PaechElektro. E‑Mobilität‑Praxis Innovator und Anpacker des Elektrohandwerks.

Transcript

Cleaned up from a machine transcript. Translations are machine-generated and may contain errors.

Welcome to the Smart Charge by RiDERgy Podcast. This is Claudio Geyken, Founder and CEO of RiDERgy. This is your show to learn about all things energy management and smart charging innovation for electric vehicles and fleets.

Welcome to Smart Charge, the podcast that shines a light on the people and ideas behind charging infrastructure. Today it's about Pech Electro, a family business founded in 1977 that has evolved from classical electrical contracting to a complete provider of smart home, solar and e-mobility solutions. Under the motto "Our energy for your smile," the 30-person team has already installed and maintained over 3,300 charging points in residential, commercial and underground parking projects – from individual wallboxes to load management-capable parking facilities. Our guest today is Andreas Stoye, master electrician and owner of Pech Electro. Since he took over management in 2008, he has been committed to

he serves on the board of the Electrical Trades Association Berlin and is considered the voice of the trades when it comes to skilled labor shortages and the ramp-up of public and private charging infrastructure. In addition to numerous industry dialogues, he brings fresh momentum through partnerships – such as with a major player in e-mobility like Mennekes – directly into practice. Look forward to a conversation about the art of making existing properties e-ready, why charging technology, photovoltaics and smart home must grow together in the future, and how to inspire young talent for electrical trades. So headphones on, check your charge level, and let's go with Andreas Stoye from

Pech Electro on Smart Charge. Hello Andreas. Nice to have you here today. How are you doing? Good, thanks Claudio. I'm doing well. For everyone who can't see you – but maybe some listeners already know you – you've arrived here all in red. Can you tell us a story about what it is with the color red that you like so much and keep appearing in red? Well, to get ahead of it a bit: I'd say with the color red you certainly always stand out everywhere.

At events you rarely see someone who walks around completely in red. The story behind it is actually quite simple: it was a wholesaler who had a marketing cooperation. That was the company Obeta in Berlin, electrical wholesaler. They had a cooperation with Tech Select, and they had white cars with red stripes. So that's how this color came into play. And when we bought new cars, we specifically looked for red ones. Yes, and with the red cars the idea came about

There was a need to order work clothes in red as well. Before that, it was typical to have blue work clothes. Our business has been on the market since 1977, and after the fall of the wall, we got to know the wholesaler, the cooperation, we experimented a bit and then landed on the colour red. I always found it quite good and said: Come on, we have to live this out. Then I ordered red site folders and everything that was ordered was checked: is it available

in red? And nowadays I really live this out extensively and always check beforehand whether it can be ordered in red. That makes you stand out. You notice it, customers notice it. And when someone says: "Who was that? The guy in red?" – then everyone knows. That was Pech Electro. That reminds me of Mark Zuckerberg, by the way. He famously always only had those grey T-shirts that he kept wearing

putting on, so he wouldn't have to decide: what do I wear today? That was always his piece of clothing. Now, before we dive into the topics that concern Pech Electro, you and your everyday life, can you give us a bit of background? What's your background? How did you come to Pech Electro and then become managing director there? Well, I was basically born into it. Even during my school days I always had an affinity

for electrical engineering. I had my desk set up so that when you opened the drawer, the lighting would come on – all with batteries and small contacts. I was doing that already during school. My biological father was an electrician, so maybe I got it in the cradle through him. And after my parents separated during my school days, my mother got to know someone who ran his own electrical business – in East Germany as an independent craftsman with an electrical business. And it was

in Schöneweide where the business was, on Edisonstraße. If you drive carefully there, house number 44, you can still see remnants of our advertising sign on the wall. Yes, so then it became clear for me: career aspiration electrician, then the prerequisite, maybe to be able to work in the business one day. And of course you spin it forward somewhere along the line, to be able to take over the business one day. And I remember a situation where I – with my girlfriend at the time, we were around 18 – went for a walk. And I actually showed her

the life path that I can now trace back today: I will start working for my stepfather, do my master's qualification and take over the company one day. And that's exactly how it happened. After I completed my apprenticeship at VEB Tiefbau as an electrician with a focus on maintenance and repair – I was done in 1988 – I worked at that business until the end of the year and started on 01.01.1989 at Jürgen Pech Elektroinstallationen on Edisonstraße as the only journeyman.

had already left, completed his master's qualification and then went into business for himself. I was then one of the first, one of the first journeymen again. And yes, 01.01.1989 was a well-known year, the fall of the Berlin Wall. I had to do another year in the army, then came back. And then we had market economy and of course had to adapt to the new market conditions. And that included furthering my education, of course. And the idea came up to do my master's in '93. I was allowed to do that in a daytime course. So I was released by

my employer, my stepfather, and got a bit of BAföG. The training was even subsidised back then. And then I did my electrician's master qualification. Of course with the idea of becoming a licence holder there, so also taking on responsibility in the company. And yes, then I was a master craftsman, and I often sat at a desk, worked half in the office, half on the construction site. And then came the purchase of a property, which brought us back to Karow, to the quiet centre of Berlin. And there we bought a

property in 1999, with the idea: we live and work there. So the idea was to buy something like a farm where you have, let's say, a residential house and an office building and a storage and workshop. And that's exactly how it turned out. Bought in '99. Then we had two business locations in parallel, one in Schöneweide, one in Karow, and in Karow we gradually expanded and then in 2000 we made the move, closed down the company in Schöneweide, gave up the rental spaces there,

and then we were only active in Karow. And exactly on 01.01.2008 I took over the company from my stepfather. I bought it from him, really, so there wouldn't be any family disputes. I had another brother. And that's why, to keep things clean, I paid a purchase price that I paid off regularly, and then took over the company. Back then with four employees. My mother was still working in the business as a secretary, did all the bookkeeping and so on. Yes, and so the

company developed. We now have 30 employees. My mother no longer works in the company. I have a new life partner, a new wife, who now also works in the company. And yes, at the moment everything fits. You think about the future, or you have to think about the future. What does it look like when the company is supposed to be handed over one day? Then an old entrepreneur is sitting on a property that is the company's land. So I'm currently thinking about how to resolve that situation. Business succession – that's an exciting story, and particularly this whole

business succession and taking over the company – I think that's a topic that concerns many people and is very relevant right now. What was it like for you, the decision to take over the company? And what's driving you at the moment? How do you imagine that? How easy is it nowadays to do something like that? Well, I think it's harder today. Let's say, for me it was already clear back then: I want to, and I had lots of ambitions. Wanted to implement many new things, to rely on new technologies. So

we also did our first KNX system in 1989, so we relied on this smart home standard technology. And yes, I always wanted to do something in the company, but I was always held back by my stepfather, who still had the economic hand – he had to make sure the numbers were right – again and again. And I could only start acting from 2008 onwards and say: come on, now you invest there, invest there. And yes, I probably also made one or two wrong decisions and burned money that way. But then it was my money and

not my stepfather's, so in that respect it was good. It was also quite a stressful, difficult time where the relationship between my parents, who owned the company and also managed it, and me, who wanted more as an employee, became critical at times. Where I then said: OK, if this doesn't happen now, then I'll just go into business completely on my own. Then I'll start from scratch. And whoever can work can usually also go into business for themselves. They find work

and can get started. So you don't have to buy a company for that. 50,000, 100,000 – today you might also pay up to a million or more than a million for a company, with the corresponding employees, with the structures, with the inventory that you might buy along with it. So you'd rather start from scratch than tie yourself down to something that costs money upfront and you spend the next ten years paying off the debts. And that's the risk nowadays, that the bigger you build your company – which is important for it to work – a company with two, three employees, I'd say, has far too much overhead and administrative tasks to operate it economically. That's why my idea: better more employees and then distribute the resources nicely. But yes, this responsibility, which you grow into step by step and which gets bigger – finding a successor for that, also in your own family, is already difficult. And I say

that such great responsibility with so many employees – that's a big burden. But the company functions well because of it. And I think today's world, with digitalisation, with the energy transition, with electromobility, offers great opportunities for craftsmen. And I've tried to position my company accordingly, and that's also why RiDERgy was founded – to be innovative, to be a pioneer in the sector, to really help shape the energy transition, to move forward.

You know, young people, work-life balance, they simply don't want to take on so much responsibility. And I notice that in my own family too. Well, best of luck in that direction. But let's focus now on the topic of electric mobility, especially from your perspective as an electrical contracting business. Maybe you could explain first what your services are like today. Maybe there are also things that don't necessarily focus on electric mobility. So, what's the scope? What's your portfolio

of services? Yes, maybe I'll start at the very beginning. So, how did we start? I'd say after the reunification, we didn't have the fixed property management where you renovated apartments, so you had to reorient yourself. My idea as an entrepreneur, also as a young master electrician, was in single-family homes: if we build that, we want everything electrical in the house to function properly. We wanted to have a strong manufacturer as a partner and be able to handle the complete installation. So it started with classical installation, having a

good switch manufacturer that you focus on, a good distribution builder that you focus on. But then a door communication system manufacturer came along. So we became Siedle studio partners. With Gira we became Gira system integrators, with lighting we became Brumberg competence partners, with the telephone system we became Agfeo partners. And I always looked for a partner, a manufacturer, to do that. That of course also went down well with the electrical wholesale company. They recognized it. And I had a good mentor at the electrical wholesale company. And he simply said:

Andreas, you have an innovative company. You're always at the forefront, always have a strong partner. When the electric mobility topic starts, you absolutely must get involved. That was in 2012. So in 2012 I bought a Mennekes charging station, didn't even have an electric car, but I put the charging station on the property - completely silly in hindsight - in a spot where it was highly visible. You could charge, but it was inconveniently positioned for charging. It wasn't ideally

assigned to a parking space. That was a Mennekes charging station, a pedestal with two charging points. Normally you'd place it between two charging spaces. Of course, I put it at the end of the whole parking lot situation. It was clearly visible from the street. I even had extra spotlights installed on it, made it nicely illuminated. But firstly, nobody had an electric car. So it stood there, but looked good. The following year - I'd say we're located in Karow, relatively centrally next to the fire station in Karow. And they do this once a

Year such an open house day and street festival. And then we were sitting right in the middle of it. And there – for the listeners, because not everyone is from Berlin – Karow is, I think, the northeast of Berlin. Exactly. So I'd say, the secret center of northeast Berlin. A peripheral district. I'd say, people know Buch. There's a big hospital, a trauma center. We're sitting just before that, so still within Berlin's borders, and we belong to Berlin. But it has a village character, lots of single-family homes. And exactly in the village center of Karow, as I said,

the old fire station in Karow. And they're having a street festival. And we open our doors, have an open house day. And then I invited a car dealership – our car dealership, where we bought our cars – a Renault dealership. And of course they already had the Twizy and displayed it there. I think the Zoe didn't exist back then. And then the electric cars arrived. Then I also invited Nissan. And then we basically held

electric cars. And then I test-drove the Twizy and said: Okay, now we need to – now we have the charging station, now we also need an electric car. But I couldn't convince my wife about the Twizy. It was just small, slow, hardly usable in winter because it was just – with two seats. That wasn't going to work. But then in 2013 the Zoe came out. And then we – I'd say – did training with Mennekes and Renault, and

basically prepared the cooperation between Mennekes, Renault and Pech Electro there. And yes, then I ordered a Zoe at the Renault dealership in Weißensee, a demo car, and got it relatively quickly too. So I was one of the first to drive a pure electric car in 2013. 22 kWh battery, 120 kilometers range, 130. And it's still in the fleet today, and we still enjoy driving it. And so that's how we got started. And why Mennekes? Well, actually

the way it came about was because Mennekes had founded a cooperation with Renault. And they had the concept back then that the car salesman at the Renault dealership could only hand over a car if it was clear that the customer could charge at home. And that's why there was this ZE-Ready brand or certification. What does ZE stand for? Zero Emission. Well, I'd say, that's – what's also on the cars – ZE, then in blue. And I'd say, what was important for Renault was that customers could safely charge at home. So they looked for a manufacturer in Germany. The manufacturer Mennekes was the one they focused on. They bought special ZE-Ready wallboxes that were really tested to work safely with the vehicle and the charge controller. And then they tried to build up a network of charging points. And of course Mennekes did that first with its partners. But since Mennekes comes from red ZE plugs, so the construction site sockets, they of course also sometimes recruited companies that were supposed to do E-mobility, who

were supposed to do E-mobility, who had no idea about it. And that was sometimes a bit problematic. So we really focused on doing the training correctly with Mennekes and Renault, so that we were really well prepared and really knew what we were doing. And then we also brought in specialists. And I think that was the right approach, because we really knew what we were doing from day one.

but had never worked in single-family homes. And that's where we were. They then realized pretty quickly that this wasn't working, and the craftsmen who also worked in residential construction approached us and offered training so that we could get to know the ZE-Ready partnership process, so that we could then report back to the car manufacturer: You've now sent us a customer. We've installed the charging station for the customer. We're done now. They can safely charge at home. You can deliver the car and

get going. And that's how the partnership with Mennekes came about. And with the lead referrals from the dealership, we naturally got customers quickly. We didn't have to look around in our own customer base to see who might need a charging station; instead we scaled up installations and planning pretty quickly and implemented that, trained our employees further, spread the responsibility across broader shoulders, trained more employees, and then year after year we moved

into the next year with more charging points. And that was the starting point, so 2012, if I heard that correctly. And then – what were the milestones since then in e-mobility in your company history, so to speak? Well, essentially there were more and more. I'd say – in the first year, for example in 2012 – I was still keeping the books here in an Excel spreadsheet. We made such and such revenue with charging stations. In 2012 we made €4,000 of

our annual revenue from electromobility. By 2020 we'd climbed to €100,000. Then you were already really proud. But a milestone was the first projects in underground car parks, where we built charging infrastructure for multiple vehicles. So I'd say, at the beginning you built charging infrastructure – one charging station for the customer at an existing meter, at existing vehicle allocation. We also built individual solutions in hotels so they at least had one charging station. There was a project called "Sleep and Charge". That

was funded in Berlin. We distributed, I think, 60 charging stations in Berlin hotels – with one or two charging stations that we then installed in the hotel car parks. We got into that and had a series of projects there. But then of course apartment building associations came along, underground car parks where tenants stay for long periods. And Mennekes was also a good partner there because they had charging infrastructure that was load management capable. Later dynamic load management also came in, meaning you monitor the building connection capacity in the house.

And when everyone's sleeping at night and the power that's normally supposed to be used for living spaces isn't needed, then of course you can charge the vehicles well overnight and don't actually need any grid connection reinforcement. And that's of course always – yes, that really gives me a lot of fun – to push the technical limits and then implement it technically. So you've already mentioned some use cases. Can we say that there's no use case you won't take on? Or – in

e-mobility there are residential associations, single-family homes. There's public charging, semi-public charging at supermarkets and so on, and then company locations. Do you do everything or do you focus on specific use cases? Well, basically we have solutions for all projects, including DC charging stations, which we've specialized in with Alpitronic. We also have the certification for that. We got DC measurement devices in time and procured them to test DC charging stations. That was perhaps also a milestone for us. I don't even remember now

when the BVG, Berlin Public Transport, started with electric buses, they built 30 DC charging stations at a location near us in Weißensee – that's about 20 minutes' drive from our headquarters – that was a project. Each DC charging station cost €50,000–80,000. So it wouldn't have been a project we at Pech Elektro could have tackled alone. But we worked with Stromnetz Berlin. They set up the grid connection and transformers on the property and of course also offered the charging infrastructure. But they didn't have the capacity to build it either. So they brought in two more companies. There was another company that built the switchgear and the large transformer measurements and the main distribution boards and the cable distributions. And we then unpacked the site-supplied DC charging stations out of wooden crates – and disposed of the wood in containers – and then built the charging station on the parking spaces, connected it and put it into operation. And then we supported the project for another three

years, doing maintenance and servicing. These were of course Chinese prototypes, well, prototypes then no longer. But they still had their defects. Displays would go out at some point and weren't easy to see. So things always had to be improved. But we gathered a lot of experience there. With later expansion we then also did the further infrastructure. That was with Ecoenergetika. We also supported them with commissioning. And through that we gained a lot of experience with DC charging stations and

later when later expansion came we built the additional infrastructure. That was with Ecoenergetika. We also supported them during commissioning. And through that we gained a lot of experience with DC charging stations and

We also started distributing DC charging stations, so we basically cover every customer segment – as you just listed, from private, commercial and public areas. We also operate public charging stations for the municipality of Wustermark. We are charging station operators. Essentially, they expanded the Olympic Park there and told the investor: if you want to build here and put up residential buildings, you also have to build a kindergarten. And you also have to build charging infrastructure. And they did that. They

then commissioned us. We installed them there. And then the municipality said: and now what? Well, they had to be operated. But they didn't want to make a construction site out of three charging stations and said: okay, we'll hand them over to an operator now. That was us as the facility builder. So we then integrated them into our backend and operate them like a public charging station with the standard usual prices and roaming agreements we have with other

providers and mobility operators. And so we operate the charging infrastructure there to this day, do service and maintenance, make sure it works 365 days a year. But you asked which projects we don't do. There are of course projects we don't do. Let me say, we start from the low voltage side. We don't do anything where we have to work with medium voltage. For a DC charging park you'd of course also need some medium voltage. We're out of that because we

simply don't have the logistics and staff for it. And the example you mentioned now with BVG – that would essentially be impossible for you anyway because of the medium voltage side. Stromnetz Berlin built that themselves. They build their network themselves with contracted companies. But there are also charging parks where the grid operator feeds in from medium voltage and where the transformer station is then a customer-owned transformer station. And an electrician could theoretically bring that along, so an electrical specialist company. But

we don't offer that service because we don't have any experience in that area. And what can you imagine there? What are the complexities when it comes to your expertise? Why is that so much more complicated? Maybe you're asking the right question there: why don't you just do it then? We know professional colleagues who would help us tackle the problems. But it starts right from the beginning with the certifications – you need staff who are properly trained in systems above 10 kilovolt and who have switching authorization. Then of course there's the equipment. You have to properly create cable connections. You learn that of course in vocational training. If you work for a grid operator, then you learn how to handle such large things. I don't have those employees. My employees come from residential construction. They can also connect a data socket once in a while. But we've never worked with such large cross-sections and the corresponding equipment. And I've never seen a transformer from the inside

before. Well sure, we see one here and there. But, I'd say, never worked on one. And if I as a boss have respect for it, then I also don't want to just plan something and then send my colleagues out there saying: you guys will figure it out. My principle was, as I said, I came from a construction site and then grew into business management and today I rarely tinker around anywhere. But I always have the principle: I have to at least understand what's happening. And if I can't do it myself,

then I won't do it. And there's another topic we also exclude: when there's a lot of excavation work involved. Then we're dependent on other service providers. We of course have partner companies we work with whenever there's excavation work – removing pavement, doing bitumen or paving around charging stations. We have a partner for that. But when it gets to be too much, then there's more coordination effort. You don't need an electrician for that. So others should do that. Either we delegate it to

the customer, saying: okay, we can do all the electrical work, but please take care of the excavation work yourself. Then we support that too and help with where the foundations should go, how the cables need to be distributed, and we also lay the cables. But if there's a lot of excavation work involved, then it becomes difficult. We built public charging infrastructure for Oranienburg Municipal Utilities for example. And you really have to take a deep breath. To be able to work there, you need a registration at three different locations – that you're running a construction site in public road space, a closure, that you have to tear up the pavement. You have to register. You have to query all the media operators: where are the cables here? This bureaucratic effort really annoys me as an electrician. That's what the specialists are for who are responsible for excavation work, and you work together with them. Exactly. And I think geographically you can also say that you probably limit yourselves to Berlin and how far into Brandenburg do you go, or even further? Well, I have all

We built public charging infrastructure for Oranienburg Municipal Utilities for example. And you really have to take a deep breath. To be able to work there, you need a registration at three different locations – that you're running a construction site in public road space, a closure, that you have to tear up the pavement. You have to register. You have to query all the media operators: where are the cables here? This bureaucratic effort really annoys me as an electrician. That's what the specialists are for who are responsible for excavation work, and you work together with them.

You have to do a registration. You have to query all the media operators: where are the cables? This bureaucratic effort really frustrates me as an electrician. That's why there are specialists responsible for excavation work who you then work with. Exactly. And I think geographically you can also say that you probably limit yourselves to Berlin and how far into Brandenburg do you still go, or even further? Well, I have all

Employees who like to sleep at home. Many of them also have children, so of course they have responsibility towards the family, having to pick up children from kindergarten or take them there early. Families often organize themselves: you on those days, I on those days. So basically, I like to say yes to construction sites in the area where colleagues can drive early in the morning and come back home in the evening. Of course there are also exceptional construction sites. I'll say, we had – in 2019 I

founded a company with three other entrepreneurs – the E-Mobility Network Germany GmbH. And it's set up nationwide. So we want to realize projects that I as a Berlin company would never have gotten. So with the E-Mobility Network Germany GmbH we accept contracts that are advertised nationwide, for example the German Armed Forces or hotel chains or property management companies that have properties in many large cities and are looking for a concept, a provider, a contact person. They go to E-Mobility Network Germany GmbH.

And what happens of course is that we accept contracts as E-Mobility Network Germany GmbH where we don't have a partner yet. So initially we were four founding members, of course initially four strong partners: in Frankfurt am Main the company Ehinger, in Cologne-Bonn the company Böhmen, also a large strong provider that has lived e-mobility from the start, and Rainer Ullmann from Freiburg. We also met at the first ZEready partner training in 2019. Without realizing it, we were captured in a photo, so we took the same training in parallel

at the same time. So the same start as I had in Berlin, they had in their federal states and in their cities. And yes, at some point in 2019, through many trainings, we kept running into each other. And then the idea came about to work together. And I'll say: compared to Spie and Telekom, who were very big in the mobility market and wanted to connect all their house connections with a charging station, we said, it can't be that the trades doesn't know how to defend itself against that

not to defend itself. And that's why we founded the company. And that often leads to us having to realize projects where we don't have partners yet. So especially in the early days, we often didn't have a partner in Dresden for example, or Leipzig was our project. And then we installed charging infrastructure in a hotel chain, in a Premier Inn hotel, also from Berlin there and then booked overnight stays for employees. But

before that I clarified with my employees whether they would have fun sleeping somewhere else for once. And then it worked out so well, and then we implemented more projects there. And meanwhile we also have partners there, because such charging infrastructure, if there's a service case, someone needs to respond quickly. That's why I also basically refuse to realize projects for which we then have to take responsibility that are further away, because we can't provide the service that quickly. And

charging infrastructure is existentially important for many and it has to work. Are there – how can one imagine that? You also just mentioned that we as trades have to position ourselves such and such. Do you have some key figures about the trades as a sector? How many businesses are there roughly in Germany? I mean, if you don't know that off the top of your head – but what you can roughly remember: most of them are small businesses with fewer than

ten employees, I assume. So you're already kind of a larger one, but not the largest either. There probably aren't many large ones. So very fragmented, I assume. Well, I'll say a saying: "The trades, the power next door." There are many. There's also a nice image video from the Chamber of Crafts. Within the trades there are many small businesses that of course are all individually set up, all have their strengths, all have their employees. There are tens of thousands of businesses –

and we probably generate more sales with our businesses as a society and as a craftsmen's cooperative than any other large company – VW, Audi – in the electrical trades. I think there were over 50,000 craft businesses in Germany. I think 58,000 craft businesses. If you then simply extrapolate how many millions of employees work there, how many billions in sales are made there – that's of course huge, gigantic. And I'll say, we of course represent that here. And that of course also includes the large ones like Spie, which are also

a craft business. But how big are they? I can't tell you that right now. But they also have many branches distributed nationwide and often had their expertise at one location – e-mobility expertise – but then locally they sent their standard technicians there, who otherwise installed house connections or provided other services. And they didn't necessarily always have knowledge of the e-mobility topic. And yes, the small craft businesses – there's the boss, who was trained, who then drove out himself to the installation check,

looked at the electrical system, did planning on-site with the customer, and then implemented it with his employees, whom he trained accordingly of course. And that's why we already offered a completely different quality locally. And we wanted to bundle that in this company so that we could also offer it nationwide and get our share of the big pie and above all show the quality of craftsmanship to the outside world,

how we present ourselves and that the trades can also organize themselves. And in the electrician industry – how can you imagine that as a non-electrician? There are industries where consolidation has happened, where there are very few companies and then very, very many employees in those companies. With electricians it seems to be the case that there are very, very many businesses with one person or up to 10 or 30. Why is it in your opinion

that there is no consolidation in the industry? Are there reasons why this structure of small businesses is simply better? Well, I think it's down to the qualification requirements. Every company has its own specialization. That naturally grows with the entrepreneur who runs the company. They have their affinity for e-mobility, smart home, lighting topics. And so there are many electrical companies that specialize in their own topic areas. These are then sorted – or connected, united

in the trades in the guilds. That starts quite normally in the districts. In Berlin city districts there are district groups that know each other, work pretty closely together. If you look at Berlin as a state guild, events are organized there, training courses – and I'd say, people are organized, they exchange ideas, if you go there, you can exchange with professional colleagues and grow together and complement each other as well. So I'd say there is for

example a manufacturer from the switch industry, the company Gira. They recognized relatively early that their craftspeople were naturally their strongest asset for bringing their products to market. And they had a broad product portfolio, from the classic switch to smart home KNX products, the Gira Home Server. And that was also very demanding. And if as a company you had one EIB project a year, two a year – that's what it was called back then, then a KNX project – then the

competencies weren't so good because you don't do it as often as someone who does it constantly. And so certain businesses filtered themselves out that specially trained themselves for it,

and then they offered their services to other businesses. And that's also how it happened for me, that craftspeople worked less against each other, saw themselves less as competitors, but Gira managed with their marketing concept to unite the trades – managed to network businesses. Their competencies: we have good installation competencies. We can erect the installation super quickly and economically for a multi-family house in the shell construction phase. But we don't do so much with programming the devices. We bring in a service provider for that. And that's

how we got involved too. And that's where I learned to work together with my professional colleagues. And that also carried over into the e-mobility world, so that for many businesses that then had their first e-mobility projects – they built them, maybe asked once before: How would you do that? What do I need to consider? – when I build and connect the charging points, we just told them that. And then for the first commissioning we simply went to the construction site as a partner for the

electrical trade and did the commissioning, but held ourselves back. So the customer isn't involved, but we provided our service on behalf of the electrical company. And then they said: okay, our system is now finished. Sold it to the customer and we were done. And how many of those mentioned specialize in e-mobility the way you do? Well, I think today almost every electrical business has already come into contact with e-mobility. I'd say everyone has a

customer who needs charging infrastructure. The single charging station at home should today be something every specialist business knows about and does. So we've also offered lots of training courses in the Berlin guild for the businesses, so the specialist businesses became e-mobility specialists. I think I had over 300 course participants in the courses I taught with my co-instructor. We're two people from the trades – but he's also an entrepreneur, Matthias Schulze from Hot Solution. He trained to be a trainer for specialist e-mobility businesses, the same as

me. And then as the Berlin guild we offered this training to become a specialist e-mobility business – which is also a protected brand of the Central Association of the Electrical Trade – and we had there, I calculated it once in a post, over 300 training participants from 500 businesses. So you can basically say that half of the businesses active in Berlin, organized businesses, so guild businesses. We have in Berlin, I think, just over 1,000 electrical businesses, over 500 are organized in the guild. And as I said, 300

We offered training to training participants. So that Berlin is well equipped, so that as a customer you always find a good tradesperson who does it. I understand. And the customers – when you say customers like that: how do customers usually find you? Do you do sales at all? Or is it like with tax consultants, where you can barely keep up with orders and don't have to do any sales? Well, sales started very classically through electric car dealerships, through cars sold – that's how it began. Then of course the

own website, which we spruced up a bit and which we referenced. For a while we also founded a working group on electromobility through the guild, where you could find your contact person on the guild website on the topic, because in the early days, when nobody really knew who to turn to – who knows about this? – we received a lot of inquiries at the electrical guild, which were then distributed from there to competent employees. And I think whoever searches today simply googles. Our leads, which we generate,

are often through cooperation partners. So either the manufacturers themselves, who on their website – for example Migis has a customer webshop where they offer their products and also the service that we then provide. The lead is generated directly to us. We also sell – the three-tier distribution remains in place – the charging stations to the customer. So the lead is only taken from the webshop, passed on to us, clustered regionally. The customer enters their postcode, then we search for who in that area

is registered as a partner with us. And of course other manufacturers do it the same way, who through their products connect the distributor, the installer on site. And then of course there are also national, cross-regional distribution partners – ADAC for example, who work with a company called E-Mobilie, who in turn look for local electrical contractors to work with and pass on leads – and of course then want to get a bit of commission for the service they provide. But essentially they match the customer to us. And they are

then looked after professionally. I understand. And the challenges you have in everyday work, specifically on electromobility – how can you imagine that? What causes you the most trouble? Well, I heard a podcast this morning, I found it quite interesting. It was about how energy can really be used when it is generated. So this networking of building technology – from the PV system, battery storage, heat pump, charging station, variable electricity tariffs, the framework conditions that grid operators impose on us, so the

Section 14a controllable consumption devices that we have to take into account. That is really, I think, the big challenge we have ahead of us in the electrical trades. There are companies operating nationwide that have found a good solution for themselves, that have already managed to sell such a package. But of course you then tie yourself to that one company. And that's where the electrical trades need to manage to offer a solution in the future that is scalable – in other words, to offer a product that fits the

existing installation. The customer – when we install a charging station or eleven charging stations – may already have a PV system, they already have a heat pump, so a controllable consumption device, they may already have a battery storage. How do you retrofit these existing products with the charging station afterwards, without using the manufacturer's solution? Of course there are manufacturers – like Fronius for instance, who then have the go-e charger, which fits exactly with the product and can be integrated into the app. But the customer might want a completely

different solution, because they like the look of it better. And that's where the trades simply need a solution for how to deal with these things and solve them without committing to a particular group of manufacturers. Keyword interoperability: when the most diverse systems come from one source, from one manufacturer, then they work. But as soon as it's a different manufacturer, it gets more complicated. And that's where it's important that the systems work well together. That's not so easy. Exactly. So

finding products that really intelligently network these very different products in such a way that the customer ultimately really only has one app with which they can oversee and control all their devices according to their needs. Yes, that's a bit our specialty at RiDERgy. Now that we're on the subject: we also see that it's getting better, that the systems from all those you mentioned are getting better in terms of firmware

too, that there are then more and more clouds that are also interoperable. However, we're not yet at the ideal point where everything coordinates beautifully with each other. And then, as I always say, so that it's not a cacophony but a symphony – so that you can simply exchange data with each other and this charging control of the various devices works perfectly. I personally believe it won't come from one manufacturer, because the manufacturer wants to sell their heat pump or wants to sell their charging station or their

sell a vehicle, but rather that a third party will do it, one that has no interest in selling any hardware. And as you already said, I believe a BMW has its own charging station, but won't produce a heat pump. That means there's always a manufacturer somewhere in the chain where not everything comes from a single source – for x reasons. That's why it actually has to be interoperable, hardware-agnostic. And you're not starting from scratch, where you could say: okay, we

can build a coordinated system, but rather you come into a project where there's already this or that, and you have to work with what exists. Yes, exactly. And maybe we can come back to that in a moment, because I'd like to dive into that a bit more – the energy and load management aspects. But before we get into that: you already mentioned that as a challenge. What are the other topic areas that

are challenges for you in e-mobility, even now in everyday work? I'd say, not challenges that we can't solve. The market is growing, and it's also getting tighter. Of course, besides us – we offer solutions to property management companies that contact us – there are also many other manufacturers operating nationwide who offer concepts to property management companies. But as a rule, they work with local tradespeople. So in a way, we're sometimes our own competitors. We get a

request from a service provider who wants to build and operate charging infrastructure for a property management company, and we're also approached directly by the property management company: couldn't you develop and then operate a concept for us? Which we then also do – and the same request, as I said, from the other one. Then we have to decide who we work for. Those are the commercial challenges, finding the right path there. And often I have to admit that there are solutions that are better than

ours, because they rely on variable electricity tariffs that are much better integrated and can offer customers more flexible prices. Our backend, for example, is based on us having a fixed purchasing price for electricity. So we can't model it if we could get customers to charge at night or at a specific time at a cheaper rate. And so of course we face the challenge again and again, through market pressure, to constantly improve and update our processes, our offering and to

and continue to move forward. Then of course there is the issue of skilled labor shortage. My desk is full. I have many inquiries to process. Today I just finished processing an order that I received a month ago. I only just got around to informing the customer that I'm accepting the order, scheduled the work, and now I need to order the materials. I have to submit requests to the grid operator. So there are so

many administrative tasks that sometimes one project manager works for two electricians and tries to keep them employed so they can work continuously. Previously, an electrician master had five to eight electricians that he sent to the construction site, and they worked there. There wasn't as much office work left over that you as a project manager have to do. And you can't always delegate that to administrative employees unless you perhaps grow larger – I'd say – to have just one

person who only handles applications with the grid operators to achieve a certain level of scaling. In my company, I've at least managed to have dedicated project managers who plan for e-mobility, dedicated project managers who plan photovoltaic systems with battery storage. I have a dedicated project manager for customer service, a project manager who handles all maintenance and upkeep of charging stations. So I've already tried to scale things a bit so that the project manager can focus on one task. And I always have tremendous

respect for entrepreneurs who have three to four employees and have to cover everything – from smart home to e-mobility, building PV systems in parallel that they have to register with the grid operator. That's the major challenge for businesses that are still small, just starting out, want to stay small or are close to retirement and just continue as they've been doing until the business simply ceases to exist. You notice this in the membership numbers of electrical

businesses, in fact, because many businesses without a successor simply get deregistered and are no longer members, no longer businesses. Exactly. We do manage it in the electrical trades through high apprenticeship numbers that we've built up. So we've always had nice growth. In recent years, apprenticeship numbers have been rising. We've made our profession much more attractive. So I think the electrical profession today is actually the finest profession you can do, because you participate in the climate transition, what

can make a difference, what's needed. I mean, without electricity nothing works. That's the key trade, plain and simple. I always say it's the oldest profession there is in the trades. Do you know why? When God said let there be light, we'd already laid the cables long ago.

So in that respect, the electrical tradesperson is the oldest and most important profession. There are quite a few arguments for deciding on this career. And the challenge you mentioned – the grid operators: you hear a lot that permits take a lot of time, that it's a huge challenge for the entire industry. Would you see it that way too? You've already mentioned it. But I think we in Berlin are a bit lucky because we actually have two grid operators with

whom we regularly work together. That would be Stromnetz Berlin for Berlin projects and then in the surrounding area E.DIS. Of course there are also the municipal utilities of Oranienburg, Potsdam municipal utilities, which you work with from time to time. But those are very few projects; as a Berlin company, you mostly work with Stromnetz Berlin and E.DIS in Berlin. And both of them actually have a good online portal for tradespeople to register projects and customer systems that we need to register. They are very structured.

And if you work with it regularly, you get along with it well. What I see as a challenge is with Stromnetz Berlin, for example, the issue of meter installation. So when we build new systems that have to be installed according to Section 14a, only the metering from Stromnetz Berlin – that is, Stromnetz Berlin itself – can set the meters. So we cannot use the independent meter installers who are in Berlin – there are 10, 15 companies in Berlin that are also allowed to install meters for Stromnetz Berlin. But they are only allowed to

install them for residential and commercial systems without Section 14a. Stromnetz Berlin just can't manage that yet

at the moment. I would say we were at an event in February. Stromnetz Berlin announced to us there that they want to have it solved by April, so that meter installers too – these aren't special meters, you just plug them in – but this registration process at Stromnetz Berlin apparently isn't mature enough that this digital process, meaning that a controllable consumption device is installed behind the meter, can be entered in the portal in such a way that this billing also works. I would

suspect – of course you don't get a lot of information as a partner of Stromnetz Berlin about what really is the issue – but the meter installers we would like to hire because they're more flexible, well, there are 15 companies that sometimes work regionally in the districts, have short distances and can always pop by on your construction site to quickly install a meter. You can also talk to them on the phone,

you can call them and arrange an individual appointment. And if you book in time, down to the minute: if you say early in the morning at eight I'm your first appointment, then you're there and the meter installer is also there at that time. If you do it with Stromnetz Berlin, you enter it in the portal and hope that you get a call at some point: "I can offer you this or that appointment." And then you get a time window of two to

four hours and wait for the meter installer and can't plan your work around the appointment. And that's not a hardware problem now, because as far as I know with Section 14a there's always this broadcast receiver – that's additional hardware that was historically always installed with night storage heaters, heat pumps or certain applications. But moving away from that and doing it digitally – that's more of a software problem. So the hardware for controlling the controllable consumption device is currently not being installed at all.

Most – and that includes E.DIS and Stromnetz Berlin – just install the meter. But this control device that is then supposed to control the controllable consumption device in order to reduce power is currently not being installed at all. So we have to prepare the systems accordingly – as installers we also register them that way and also indicate how they are controllable, whether via a potential-free contact or via an energy management system – but this smart meter gateway that the energy supplier brings and through which consumers are then controlled,

that's currently not being installed at all. So there's actually no hardware problem, because the meters are the same. It's simply a digital problem in the processing, that Stromnetz Berlin has to do it alone. And of course they're limited in personnel too. And then you wait maybe 14 days, three weeks, four weeks for the meter installation. And the one that comes back – considering your fleet, your company again – that's a challenge for you. I've also already spoken a lot with technicians about vehicles. The range of these e-vans or the

Sprinter. I don't know if you have such vehicles in your fleet that you use for orders. Is that already electrically feasible for you? Do you still see challenges today? Well, when I started with my first car in 2013, I took on the challenge. I even drove it to Leipzig. It only charges with 44 kW via AC. There wasn't even a DC charger back then. So in that respect I quickly tackled it and actually decided for myself

that for project managers in the passenger car class only electric cars are an option. So after that purchase I haven't bought any more passenger cars with combustion engines. That went through Nissan Leaf, through my Model 3, Ioniq 5, Polestar, Jeep Avenger. Yes, those were the whole range of passenger cars, and all project managers only had the option to order an electric car as a company car from me. And that was clear from the start. And I've never had complaints from colleagues that it doesn't work

hat. They all arranged themselves and have always lived along with this idea that I've been living out. I'd say: we're an electrical company – that includes an electric car. Our customers notice this too during the installation checks. When you arrive as a project manager in an electric car, you're perceived completely differently. Whether it's for a PV system or an e-mobility construction site. Back then, when I took on appointments in 2013, it was always an important point where I could talk to customers on equal footing

and also argue convincingly why I would install the charging station where the location would be, how safely one can charge, why not via a socket. Those were clear arguments. And in 2019, the first transporter also came with the Leaf – those were Nissan e-NV200s. It was a bit larger than a Kangoo, kind of like a dog catcher vehicle, but only a two-seater. We still have those in our fleet today. But of course the consideration was: if the employees drive the vehicles

and in Berlin it doesn't make sense – I mean, to pick up all employees from their company premises early in the morning to the city centre, and then after papers are distributed, they all scatter out again to the construction sites. That hasn't been an issue for me for a long time. We're digitally set up. Employees drive directly from home to the construction site, so they have to take their cars home with them, and also have to remain flexible for emergency calls, so that if a customer somewhere has a problem at night

I can call them and say: go to that customer, we need to help them. That's why the cars go home with them. Of course, that means they can't charge at my location – so the vans. That's why back then, when this KfW 440 program came out, I installed a backend-capable charging station for every employee who had the possibility at home for 901 euros. I had my company install it for them. The colleague sometimes also provided their own labour, laid cable and prepared everything. But the investment for the employee was 1 euro – for a charging station at home that received 900 euros in funding. And with that the matter was resolved. And I created the prerequisites so that through the backend capability, the colleague at home can charge with a company car, and I can also map the billing. So he could privately – if he gets a car; most didn't have one or still don't have a private electric car today –

but of course they could charge at the charging station. And through a second charging card, the charging processes are recorded separately and transmitted to the company via the backend, so I can do a refund – similar to when they get a petrol receipt. Exactly. We have a company car solution. And since the ratio is 1:1, we don't need legally conforming meters, just an MID meter in the charging station. You get that with the appropriate products, and as I said, we installed the charging stations, and so gradually

all new purchases. So I haven't ordered a combustion engine transporter for, I think, three years now. We're now driving the Opel Vivaro-e – that's the fourth purchase now. And the employees who have a family house and had the charging station installed at home, they now have such a car and charge at home every day. The Opel Vivaro-e has, I think, a 75 kWh battery. They have a range of 200 kilometres

even though they're fully loaded. And that's exactly the daily range that we never exceed or very rarely. There are projects where we also drive to Prenzlau. We do customer service for AWG there, we have a few locations there that we maintain with charging infrastructure. So the service technician drives there in the e-car and has to charge quickly. That was difficult with the Nissan e-NV200, because CHAdeMO charging stations aren't as abundant anymore. You end up searching. And when you do find one

it might be occupied. A lot of time gets lost. But with the Opel Vivaro-e you can charge really well there – it charges there at, I think, 80 kW fast charging. That's not really... I'd say, I'm not a holiday maker. But for the colleagues it's a good break to top up a bit. And it works. And yes, now I'm gradually equipping all employees. We also had an employee through the move who had always charged at our location

who has now moved. He's now charging publicly. And we had to look around a bit to find a solution for him so he can also charge inexpensively. And basically every vehicle of mine has the standard charging card slots in the car. And for the colleague we specifically looked around. In his area there's this pilot project. Where exactly? Well, not exactly. Lamp post charging. Exactly, it wasn't Ubitricity, but... Exactly. But he lives there. And then we specifically

made an extra contract for him so he can charge there without wait times and now charges at home. Exactly, the wait time falls away because they only charge at 3.7 kW. It would be stupid if after four hours he'd only charged 12 kWh and already had to move or pull out again. Yes, exactly. So to summarize: you can operate your fleet with e-vans and sprinters without any problems, and mainly the employee

charges at home. Exactly, the wait time falls away because they only charge at 3.7 kW. It would be foolish if after four hours he'd only managed to charge 12 kWh and already had to move the car or leave. Yes, exactly. So in summary: you can operate your fleet with e-vans and sprinters without any problems, and the main place the employee

is... Well, that's not so common in Berlin either, but because Karo probably has plenty of single-family homes, you can easily install a charging station at home for employees. And then at the customer's place too... Do I have that right? At the customer's place you can also charge. So of course when we do a service call, we can ask if we can charge there. We don't just steal electricity. But if it's a public charging station, we can of course charge there too and

unlock it. So as I said, range doesn't really matter. We can manage it and it's doable. What's important is that the colleague can charge at home overnight. And that's the thing with colleagues who live in Schöneweide, for example – you're really dependent on public charging infrastructure there. And then probably only DC charging stations will help you. And I'd say, if you as a business owner have to pay 0.60 to 0.70 euros per kilowatt hour, then you might as well drive a combustion engine. So we'll keep swapping the cars until

the colleagues eventually find the combustion engine no longer bearable. And then they need to get an electric car. And maybe there will be different pricing models where, for example, on the Rewe car park, which is actually empty at night, you can also charge and don't necessarily have to pay parking fees or anything. And the employee wouldn't be interested in that. So it's like this – he charges there. But for the tradespeople who don't have the option to enable their employees to charge on site, that's an option for other tradespeople who don't have the luck like Karo does, but are more in city centers. Where do you mean? I mean, thinking beyond Karo now, for all tradespeople in Germany. There are probably some who don't have the chance to provide their employees with their own wallbox. So what solutions are there? At the company site – is it realistic that employees can charge their e-vans there? Or how do you see it? Well, if

the business is set up so that they park the company vehicle on the yard in the evening, then that's certainly a good solution. There are definitely businesses set up that way and do it. We often help those businesses build charging infrastructure. Otherwise you just have to fall back on public charging infrastructure. And because the vehicles are fast-charging capable, you just need a good, reasonable contract, a fair contract where I can charge my electric vehicles at McDonald's or at the

family shopping centre – the employee takes the company vehicle and charges it at Rewe or Kaufland at the charging station and then pays that price. Basically, I've had the experience right now that it's even economically attractive in terms of acquisition. I mean, last year we got a price quote for a Fiat Ducato with standard equipment, reversing camera, parking heater – over 40,000 euros. And now we've found used Opel Vivaro-e in the offer with 50,000 km and 800 km range

for 25,000 euros. So, I mean, that's already great for an acquisition. And my experience with electric cars when it comes to repairs is almost zero. My Tesla, after six years, just got new brake discs. So not just pads, but the brake discs had to be replaced. But otherwise most of the repairs were almost all under warranty. A bearing was broken once and squeaked. That's annoying with an electric car – when something squeaks, you hear it

really well. But otherwise: the Nissan Leafs, they run, the SI runs. There was the 12V battery. You have to imagine, with an electric car you need jump-starting. If the 12V battery is dead, you can get jump-started by cable. Then the contactors from the main battery can be switched back on, and then the high-voltage battery can charge the 12V battery again. But if the 12V battery in the car is discharged and has no power left, then you can't switch on an electric car either. I've experienced that too.

You wouldn't believe it. And total cost of ownership was also a bit of a topic. Is it already attractive for everyone in your eyes to switch to electric? Absolutely. I'm not the type to chase after numbers and compare them. But we've personally experienced how highly tuned the engines are in combustion engine cars. These days we need AdBlue for our vans, which we didn't need before. We've had to take our cars

to the workshop often because the check engine light came on. And then the car dealers told us: "You need to drive on the motorway sometime, you need to clear the exhaust." We're customer service drivers and we drive in the city, often stuck in traffic, short distances, sometimes 20 kilometres. A exhaust like that of course doesn't get warm. And an engine like that with little displacement and designed for high revs, well it just needs to be driven properly. And that's just

absolute nonsense to me. That's when we realized: we send our combustion engine vehicles to the workshop more often than our electric vehicles. Great, that makes me happy. So now let's come back to intelligent charging. Have you already tried to optimize things a bit at your site when it comes to electricity costs or charging costs? Keywords: optimize peak load prices, solar-optimized charging or dynamic power procurement. Well, until the beginning of the year I had my own PV system at my business site

and

of 13 kWp. During office hours, that normally – except right in the middle of summer, when maybe it produced a bit more – was more than enough to cover the office's energy needs. I installed it in 2017, and we've always had a self-consumption rate of over 80 percent. At the beginning of January, we added more capacity. We're now at just under 25 kWp of installed PV capacity. We have a

battery storage system of over 25 kWh. And now of course it makes sense to work with that energy volume – the capacity is also 25 kWh. Exactly. And now it definitely makes sense to work with it a bit. Usually the colleagues arrive early in the morning and park their cars. What do they do? They plug them in right away, of course. I watched that for two days after the system was in operation, and I said: "People, that's not going to work. You'll be done charging when the PV starts producing excess energy and we feed it into the grid, and the battery is already full."

So that doesn't really make much sense. So we introduced time management: only charge from ten o'clock onwards. Now of course, this isn't how you're supposed to implement load management in the electrical trade. We have a KNX system and we deployed a device, an Easy Charge Control. It manages up to eight different AC charging stations. It's pre-configured: I set up the device, it communicates via

TCP/IP with the charging stations. From the menu I only need to select which manufacturer the charging station is from. Of course, only the well-known manufacturers that are widely available on the market are listed. That of course includes Mennekes. I'm in the process of converting all my charging stations at my location to modern Mennekes technology, so all charging stations that can be controlled via TCP/IP. And we might even get – if everything works out, Mennekes announced they'd now also manufacture DC charging stations – as a Mennekes partner I said:

"Guys, if you offer charging infrastructure that's also DC, then we'd like to contribute our expertise to co-develop the product. We're happy to install a Mennekes DC charging station at our location under real conditions – public operation and our own fleet operation." I've made contact, so hopefully it will happen. And then we can of course also map the load management between the AC and DC charging stations and integrate the battery storage. So I'm planning to tackle this topic.

Because as I mentioned earlier, we should consume the energy when it's produced. I imagined it like this: all our cars that we plug in could possibly also authorize themselves via the plug-and-charge function, so that the charging infrastructure at my location knows: this is a vehicle from my fleet. Then the charging station should automatically switch to PV excess charging, so the colleague doesn't have to worry about it at all. But if the colleague says, I need to leave in two hours because I have another appointment, the battery is too low, I really need 20 kWh right now – then he goes into our

smart home menu, so into our application where our KNX system is controlled – lighting, climate, everything – then goes into the charging function and can activate a booster for his vehicle, for the charging station, which then fills the battery with maximum charging power independent of excess, via grid supply.

That's how I imagine it. But we also work together with backend operators. Gridx – I don't know if that means anything to you – they presented their solution to us. And we'd definitely like to

test that too: a backend-based load management solution that might also retrieve vehicle data that's available in the cloud, where you simply just set up the access. That's also an interesting topic. But as an entrepreneur, you of course can't spread yourself too thin either. You have a resource: employees. They only have one head on their shoulders, and at some point there are many topics. And each topic takes time. And you're always open to

innovations, as you said. Yes, but making money is still important. And the topic of bidirectionality – have you dealt with that before, and do you maybe have plans for it? How do you look at it? That's a topic I like to follow too. Because of my work in the working group of the standards body – and that working group is specifically about bidirectional charging: where does the protective device go if now the current doesn't flow from the grid into the charging station, but from the car into

the system? How do we make that work? I work in the standards group. And which standard is that? That will be the Part 700 standard, which will then be supplemented with topics for bidirectional charging. It will be a DIN-VDE standard that tells every electrician how he needs to prepare for it and what the protective measures should look like. Of course, framework conditions also need to be created on the vehicle side that apply to every vehicle. That's

the communication between vehicle and onboard charger. Let's say you have an electrical system, you have a grid failure and want to operate your electrical system via the car's battery. That's basically the primary scenario why I as a single-family home owner would like to use something like that – of course also to charge PV excess back and forth. That's where it makes sense to use the battery as a huge mobile storage unit, and always load 20, 30 kWh back and forth

to be able to use it. But let's say we have island operation: then I have the technical challenge that if there's a fault in my electrical system, this fault causes the protective devices to trip. In a normal electrical system where I'm supplied by a transformer station, if I have a short circuit, so much current flows that my circuit breaker trips. But in the case where the car is supplying my electrical system with power, there isn't such a high current flow, and my circuit breaker simply doesn't trip.

Instead, that's why in island operation mode it's always mandatory to use residual current circuit breakers. That would be a topic that has to be in the standard to ensure that when my car supplies my house with power in island mode, safety conditions are also met. These are the challenges that standardization has to deal with. And then you can build a scalable project. There are already pilot projects that I've read about, which have been done with various manufacturers – E3/DC and

Mobility House – and with the corresponding vehicles. But I think I only see market readiness in ten, twelve years, when we as electricians can also broadly offer solutions if the vehicles support it. Yes, that's the big problem. Maybe you can add to that. On one hand, when the current flows back in the island function and there's no protection mechanism – that's one big component. And then from a software perspective too, how you handle that exactly. You can charge for free at your employer, bring the power home with your car and then charge your electrical system. That will also become a commercial and tax problem, how you deal with it. Then the question is: will it actually pay off in the end if your car manufacturer restricts a certain number of charging cycles for you and says you lose the warranty if you shuffle so many charging cycles or so many kilowatt-hours back and forth? I see a huge opportunity for PV excess

charging. That has to work properly in combination with your own battery storage. Then I think we as electrical contractors have already accomplished quite a lot. And just to ask naively: if I'm now an employee of yours or just a citizen with AC-bidirectional Vehicle-to-Load – there are a few vehicles on the market that at least claim to have that and say we're bidirectional here.

That means my onboard charger already has bidirectionality in the car. And I plug that into the house, into the house socket. Wouldn't that already be possible, or what's basically the problem that it doesn't flow back into a normal socket? Well, I'd say, the vehicle, if it can output the energy as alternating current, delivers a 230-volt voltage at the socket. If you were now to feed power into your socket,

you'd first need an extension cable with plug-to-plug. That doesn't exist – you're not allowed to have it that way. Then of course, even if you connect alternating current from the car to an electrical system, the sine waves have to run in parallel. That's why you naturally need, for the solution where you want to feed power into the grid, a completely different inverter than if you simply want to make alternating current from direct current – for a small island, for a device. What you want to do with that, a coffee machine or

want to make sound? You DJ with your car and supply the system with power from your car – then that's something completely different than if you need a grid-synchronous inverter that then feeds into the grid. And that inverter also has to ensure that when the current in the grid fails, the inverter also shuts down so that somewhere – for example the grid operator switches things free, thinks I've switched everything free – and then a car feeds power into the grid. And they get

caught anyway, because they actually thought no current could come from that direction. Those are the kinds of challenges that exist between vehicle manufacturers and the protective function that has to be present in the vehicle and the connection point. And that will then be the wallbox that also has to support that. That's why I think bidirectionality on the DC side is much simpler – that you put the direct current into the direct current system, into the inverter that normally gets energy from the strings of the PV modules, then

directly converts it. Because that brings all these functions with it, the protective measures – everything's already clarified there. That's why I think EDRE DC with its solution is already relatively close to the solution. But the charging station costs a bit more because of this DC solution, and it also has to be able to charge the vehicle with DC. But as I said, I see that as more realistic and faster technically feasible than this AC solution, because all the AC charging stations that are already installed, for example at companies,

at home and so on – you can't simply retrofit those for bidirectionality if vehicles can then be bidirectional on the AC side. So many manufacturers actually write explicitly in their data sheets: "Ready for Vehicle-to-Grid." Basically, that's what this modem means. It's absolutely required to establish communication between vehicle and charging station and to say: "Now start feeding power into the grid" or "Now charge yourself." That has to be solved communicatively.

to be able to use it. But let's say we have island operation: then I have the technical challenge that if there's a fault in my electrical system, this fault causes the protective devices to trip. In a normal electrical system where I'm supplied by a transformer station, if I have a short circuit, so much current flows that my circuit breaker trips. But in the case where the car is supplying my electrical system with power, there isn't such a high current flow, and my circuit breaker simply doesn't trip.

But whether additional protective measures need to be installed in the electrical circuit – in the charging station: well, Mennekes does argue that their charging stations are prepared for this. It could be that they would then comply with the standards unchanged and Vehicle-to-Grid would be possible or Vehicle-to-Home would be possible – but they don't promise it the way some manufacturers do. So these protective measures – nobody knows yet because the standard hasn't been finalized yet. But based on your experience – protective measures, could they simply

then basically be retrofitted? Well, fundamentally I don't see that as unrealistic, that it can be done. I just had this example – free charging at the employer, drive home – how you'd solve that exactly, how you'd solve that issue. Whether there are certificates for the charged electricity somehow, so the car then knows: okay, that's electricity I'm not allowed to discharge – but the electricity that I've charged into the vehicle from my own solar system, I can of course discharge that again. If I for example

use my car overnight simply as a battery storage, as a buffer for the night, then I could imagine that would work well. Yes. And the topic of reduced grid charges for distribution network operators – you already mentioned Section 14a. Are there things you've seen in practice already where they're actually doing it, where they control the charging processes so that when distribution networks have bottlenecks, they charge less? Well, I haven't had to install a single installation yet where this shutdown was prepared. Let alone that it's actually been shut down

yet. I know behind closed doors the attitude of the network operators towards it, because if they do use this option to reduce charging power, they themselves are obligated to expand the network so they don't have to do that in the coming years. So in that sense: the moment I as a network operator use the function, I commit myself to also doing a network expansion that I might not have had to do anyway. That's why I think we

don't need to be afraid of that. So for the customer it's only an advantage. He basically gets his wallbox charging request approved by every grid operator. We as installers can tell every customer: you'll get your wallbox charging station, don't worry about it at all. The grid operator is not allowed to say no and they won't shut it down either. And you even get either a flat rate if you operate the system via your household meter – the flat rate for reduced grid charges. That's around 130 to 180 euros, depending on

the grid operator, which the customer gets back per year as reduced grid charges as a flat rate. He can calculate that exactly into his total cost of ownership. And if he has a separate consumption meter because he already has a heat pump, then he can also use the heat pump meter, where he already gets reduced grid charges. And then it's – yes, I think we have 1.55 euros reduced grid charges in Berlin, 60 percent is reduced. So that's

just under 1.00 euro that the customer then pays less for electricity if he has a separate meter. And if he uses a lot of electricity, he can of course save a lot. And finally, one more look ahead: are you already at 100 percent electric vehicles, or when will you get there? Well, we still have vans, also modern vans. We bought a large Master two years ago, for example. There are no alternative combustion engine vehicles that match it with

towing capacity, trailer load, vehicle weight and the price you pay for it. So definitely not without subsidies. We've also always used the WELMO funding for the acquisition of our vehicles, but also haven't always received the money we were promised with every approval, because then the funding pot was empty – but that's a Berlin issue. The WELMO funding, business-related electromobility for commercial vehicles, you can get 6,000 euros as a contribution for vans. And

we'll see what happens. The vehicles generally run for ten years, and there are vehicles among them that are only three or four years old. So combustion engines will remain in the fleet for the next few years as well. And I find it just as sustainable to run a product that's already been manufactured as long as possible until it's no longer economical to operate. And as long as the petrol price is still affordable

and nothing currently speaks against continuing to operate the vehicles economically. I mentioned earlier that I haven't solved every problem with my employees about how they could charge then. I can't now simply scrap cars that exist and say: I'll buy an electric car instead. My wife, who handles the commercial advice for me, would have my head for that. And looking at Germany and society: we're looking at 100 percent renewable energy. So we're at 60 percent of getting there, and 100 percent electric vehicles also in fleets, etc.

And then energy management belongs to that, so the grids don't get overloaded and we use renewable energy as efficiently as possible – that's to say charge when there's a lot of renewable energy available, and then the battery storage with bidirectional charging, what we just discussed. Do you see that coming? What else do you see as major challenges, and which solutions do you find exciting? Well, as an electrical technician I'm fully behind the concept of converting a lot to renewable energy, building wind turbines. Of course I find the landscape

changes something, but

not necessarily enhanced with a wind turbine like that. But I still prefer it to a nuclear power plant, which radiates a certain danger and which we of course also have to consider in terms of what happens with it. I simply prefer a wind turbine to that. PV systems on roofs – so the Berlin model: PV systems now have to be installed on all public buildings, and during renovations and new construction, PV systems have to go on the roof. Political framework conditions ensure that our expansion

progresses and we have more energy in the grid. On the other hand, there is of course the sluggish rollout of intelligent metering systems in the field, so that I can get consumers – because only through usage can I get them to use energy when the electricity is available. If I have price dynamics in there, they will do it automatically. And then maybe there is a 12 kWh battery in the apartment, which I fully charge when electricity is cheap, because the two kW are enough for me to supply my apartment through the night

with electricity and not draw from the grid when there is no sun. So that's what stands opposite to this. Otherwise I think it's really good. But the way I see the political situation right now – when I perceive reports, TikTok, newsletters, LinkedIn and then the political statements from Mr Merz – then I ask myself: who did we vote for? Is that the right political direction we should be heading? What I wish for as a tradesperson is

not a completely hard political push towards renewable energies, because I have personally had bad experiences with the KfW 440 programme. The electrical trade was completely overwhelmed, the industry was overwhelmed. When the programme petered out, many businesses that had specialised in e-mobility had to take a deep breath – bankruptcy. Other businesses or manufacturers went broke. We got calls from My Energy, where the price collapse for the charging stations that were on the market and are on the market and lying in stock was so severe that we have to sell the ones we have in stock below our purchase price. And those are of course also economic setbacks that you experience through such subsidy programmes. You're happy about the sales you might make, the order books are full – but when you can't get the products, have to buy overpriced products and order them in advance and then can't install them later. That's why it has to be a gentle subsidy programme. I'm more in favour of

not necessarily enhanced with a wind turbine like that. But I still prefer it to a nuclear power plant, which radiates a certain danger and which we of course also have to consider in terms of what happens with it. I simply prefer a wind turbine to that. PV systems on roofs – so the Berlin model: PV systems now have to be installed on all public buildings, and during renovations and new construction, PV systems have to go on the roof. Political framework conditions ensure that our expansion

rather clear rules and clear course specifications are important. "We want electric mobility – no registration of combustion engine cars from 2035" is a clear argument for me, something you can work towards, where the market can develop very slowly, where the trades can prepare for it, to work the market in such a way that it's also achievable to build this up. Yes, I think that makes sense. Finally: do you have a special message you want to leave for the listeners – be it tradespeople working in the direction you are, politicians or whoever

else? Well, I've always said – especially when the topic of electric mobility started – don't talk so much about what doesn't work, but look at what does work. Clear message to tradespeople: We're getting stuck in. We see the work and we just go ahead and do it. That's really something I can only say to everyone – whether it's in politics: don't talk for long, just do something, have the courage to move forward. That's how I run my company – always trying something new. Sure,

sometimes you take two steps back and then one or two steps forward again, so you still make progress overall. But if you don't do anything, I think you're already lost. So: just do it. Cool closing words. Then thanks a lot for the conversation. Thank you too, Claudio. What an exciting episode with Andreas! I find his vision and his life plan to want to get involved in the electrical trades early on – and he's done that now – as an entrepreneur, and how he took over the company and

how he thinks about his company, very innovative. He's extremely passionate about it, and you notice and feel that in so many things that you as a listener haven't seen – for example a 360-degree camera, but also his iPad, his smart glasses and all the smart home functions he has. I also found it particularly interesting to see how he views the challenges in the low-voltage range compared to the medium-voltage topic, that he feels more comfortable in the low-voltage range for various reasons. The transformers for example

are no joke – to install or operate – and also how he looks at the exciting topic of smart charging and bidirectional charging, then holistic interoperable energy management, projects with leading companies like the BVG, but also municipal utilities, and that he then also became a CPO himself – charge point operator. That's very unique. And the insight into his fleet of many electric vehicles, how he got started with that, the milestones of electric mobility – and that he really is an optimist and believes in it – as well as his practical insights into technology

and standards et cetera – those are worth their weight in gold. I hope you've been able to take a lot away from this. If you liked it, think again about who you could send it to who might also like it. And until next time.

Episode notes

„Willkommen bei Smart Charge, dem Podcast, der die Menschen und Ideen hinter der Lade­infra­struktur beleuchtet. Heute geht’s um PaechElektro – einem 1977 gegründeten Familien­betrieb, der sich vom klassischen Elektro­handwerk zum Komplett­anbieter für Smart-Home-, Solar- und E-Mobility-Lösungen entwickelt hat. Unter dem Motto „Unsere Energie für Ihr Lächeln“ hat das 30-köpfige Team bereits über 3300 Ladepunkte in Wohn-, Gewerbe- und Tief­garagen­projekten installiert und betreut – von der Einzel-Wallbox bis zum last­management­fähigen Parkhaus. Unser heutiger Gast ist Andreas Stoye, Elektromeister und Inhaber von PaechElektro. Seit er 2008 die Geschäfts­führung übernommen hat, engagiert er sich im Vorstand der Elektro-Innung Berlin und gilt als Stimme des Handwerks, wenn es um Fach­kräfte­mangel und den Hochlauf öffentlicher wie privater Lade­infra­struktur geht. Neben zahlreichen Branchen­dialogen bringt er frische Impulse durch Partnerschaften – wie beispielsweise einem großen der E-Mobilität wie Mennekes – direkt in die Praxis. Freut euch auf ein Gespräch über die Kunst, Bestands­immobilien e-ready zu machen, warum Lade­technik, Photovoltaik und Smart-Home in Zukunft zusammen­wachsen müssen und wie man junge Talente für das Elektro­handwerk begeistert. Also: Kopfhörer auf, Ladezustand checken – und los geht’s mit Andreas Stoye von PaechElektro bei Smart Charge!“